The surface enhance Raman spectroscopy technology (SERS) could provide significant molecular vibrational information of human cells tissues and blood, which are scientific basis for the early diagnosis of cancer. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma does not have obvious pathological feature, the location of the lesion is difficult to be detected by conventional medical means. The SERS is used to  study  nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells tissues and blood to improve the survival rate of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. SERS spectroscopy, as an analysis and detection method in the biomedical field, can meet the clinical diagnostic needs in medicine, and has a bright application prospect in the exploration and research of SERS spectroscopy analysis and diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells tissues and blood.

The human coronavirus disease COVID-19, caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China, spread rapidly in China and more than 70 countries globally in just  over 2 months. Due to its high morbidity and mortality rate, human beings are under great threat. Some scientists have promptly conducted indepth researches on the source and evolution of SARS-CoV-2, morphological characteristics and gene structure, molecular mechanisms of infection and pathogenicity. Significant progress has been made, providing an important basis for scientific prevention and control of COVID-19. According to the current research progress, the article puts forward the ideas for the development of COVID19 virus vaccines, antibodies and inhibitors, which has certain reference value for the study of the core technology in COVID19 prevention and control.

Abstract: Based on OCT, OCTA is a newly invented, non-invasive, fast and safe technology of volumetric imaging about blood flow. According to the OCT signal information they use, methods of OCTA can be divided into three categories: phase based algorithms, amplitude based algorithms and complex algorithms. After depicting the imaging principle, specific algorithm and advantages/disadvantages, methods of these three categories are compared in which complex category achieve best performance on imaging. Research progress is combined to discuss the prospect of OCTA.

Under the influence of pathogens, viruses, stress and other factors, it is easy to cause the intestinal dysfunction of livestock and poultry. Antibiotics can prevent or treat infections caused by pathogenic bacteria, whereas the abuse of antibiotics will bring a series of hazards to the livestock products and environment, which are a huge threat to human health. Therefore, raising livestock withoust using antibiotics  inevitable  becomes a trend. Probiotics play an important role in livestock and poultry breeding(LPB).Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)are a vital part of probiotics. It promotes the growth of the body, the function of the gastrointestinal tract, the immunity of the body, and maintains the balance of the intestinal flora of the animal. Hence, LAB can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in LPB. This paper mainly summarizes the mechanism and application range of LAB in probiotics in LPB, and emphasizes the advantages and disadvantages of LAB compared with other major probiotics in LPB, and expounds application of LAB in the combination model of plantingand cultivation，and provides the prospects for the future development of LAB.

In order to investigate the differences of intestinal microflora of freshwater fishes in two regions of China, we chose grass crap（Ctenopharyngodon idella）, crucian crap（Carassius auratus) and crap（Cyprinus carpio）from Yucheng city (in Shandong Province belonging to northern China) and Wangcheng District (in Hunan Province belonging to southern China) as the experimental objects. The intestinal contents of fishes were sequenced by 16S rRNA gene V4 hypervariable regions via S5TM XL platform and then the sequencing data were analyzed. The results revealed that the dominant intestinal bacteria of grass crap, crucian crap and crap were Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes at phylum category. The sum of the four kinds of bacteria in each group was more than 80%. Based on the rank of BrayCurtis distance, the differences between groups were significant. Compared with crap group, the differences among groups were significantly greater than that within groups (R=0.307, P<0.05), speculating that the difference of characteristic flora is related to the influence of environment. LDA （linear discriminant analysis）analysis showed that the biomarker of Hunan crap group was Vibrio. Meanwhile, it was Clostridium in Shandong crap. The statistical analysis of harmful strains showed that the relative abundance of Aeromonas hydrophila in Hunan grass crap group and Hunan crucian crap group was significantly higher than that in Shandong groups, and the relative abundance of Vibrio in Shandong crap group and Shandong crucian crap group was significantly higher than that in Hunan groups. The ability of fishes in different areas to resist the invasion of foreign harmful bacteria will change with the environment. The comparison and analysis of the intestinal microbial community structure of freshwater fishes in the two areas are established for the further research of freshwater fish growth.

Exosomes contain different bimolecular characteristics that reflected components from the released cells, and become an important substance for liquid biopsy. To discriminate different cellderived exosomes, surfaceenhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been applied for the detection of the cancer cellderived (MCF-7) exosome and normal cellderived(MCF-10A)exosomes. The exosomes were isolated from the supernatant of cell culture medium. The results showed that exosomes had their own unique characteristic Raman spectrum in the region of 800~1 800 cm^-1. Compared with the spectrum from MCF-10Aderived exosomes, the relative Raman peak intensity of the nucleic acid from MCF-7derived exosomes was significantly higher and some the relative Raman peak intensity of lipid decreased or the Raman peak disappeared. The results concluded SERS technology can detect subtle molecular changes in exosomes from different cells with high sensitivity, and distinguish between breast cancer cellderived exosomes and normal cellderived exosomes. SERS technology can provide a fast, labelfree and nondestructive detection approach for the early diagnosis of cancer.

China is the world’s largest banana producing country, and the total banana output has ranked second in the world. The banana industry has become an important pillar industry for farmers in the south subtropical region of China to eliminate poverty. However, the banana variety updated slowly in the past decades, and almost all the present China’s banana varieties are imperfect and there are evident defects in high yield, cold resistance and disease resistance etc. The physical mutation technology has unique advantages in breeding new varieties. This paper reviews the research progress on physical mutation technology and its research progress in banana breeding, including the definition, technology kinds and its application of physical mutation, in order to provide reference for banana mutation research and breeding practices of new varieties.

Since the first demonstration of in vitro CRISPR/Cas9 DNA cleavage experiment in 2012, genetic editing research based on CRISPR technology has been greatly developed. In addition to its application in the field of gene editing, CRISPR technology has also shown great potential in gene expression regulation, gene imaging, and gene analysis. Especially in the field of genetic analysis, CRISPR technology has been developed for constructing a series of new gene detection technologies, due to its precise gene recognition, room temperature reaction conditions, ease of design and operability. CRISPR based gene analysis methods have obtained some detection parameters and gained an advantage over conventional techniques. In this paper, the research progress in this field based on Cas9 in recent years is reviewed. This paper mainly discusses the development and progress of genetic analysis methods based on the function of Cas9, engineering of guided RNA (sgRNA) and Cas9 protein.

本文利用大豆滞绿突变体Z-94320经⁶⁰-Coγ射线诱变的突变体后代M₅、M₆代为材料，进行两年的田间性状观察记录统计，用相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析对其17个主要表型性状统计分析。结果表明：诱变后代产生了丰富的变异，出现了多种种皮色和子叶色，产生了非滞绿性状，形成了各种生育周期，且分离出晚熟性状。通过相关性分析发现，单株粒重与株重、茎粗、主茎荚数、分枝荚数、一粒荚数、二粒荚数、三粒荚数、瘪粒荚数、虫食数呈极显著正相关，这些性状可以对产量进行预测；主成分分析在M₅代提取出“产量因子”、“株型因子”、“粒荚因子”、“茎荚因子”四个主成分，对农艺性状累计贡献率达到70.50%，M₆代提取出“产量因子”、“虫害因子”、“株型因子”、“茎杆因子”四个主成分，对农艺性状累计贡献率达到71.54%；聚类分析将M₅、M₆代材料分别划分为6类，发现同代中各类群农艺性状情况大致相似，但是各农艺性状在两代之间的变化明显，在株重、结荚高度、单株粒重等方面M6代显著高于M5代，并筛选出两株高产品系和一株特色滞绿品系。本研究逐步完善了对滞绿大豆突变体库的构建，为滞绿大豆诱变后代的遗传多样性研究提供了基础的数据分析。

In this research, we use the supercontinuum laser to output the visible spectrum light by filtering out the infrared light. The light radiates the human eyes directly with less than the maximum power of laser safety standard. We record the recovery time of central limit vision and quasicentral limit vision, as well as the duration of visual afterimage, under the light and dark adaptation for exploring the dazzling effect on human eyes with the visible spectrum of supercontinuum laser. Under the radiation of 0.1 s in the light adaptation, the recovery time of human eye’s central limit vision is 30~119 s, the recovery time of human eye’s quasicentral limit vision is 19~76 s; Under the radiation of 0.1 s in the dark adaptation, the recovery time of human eye’s central limit vision is 26~223 s, the recovery time of human eye’s quasicentral limit vision is 13~123 s; the minimum power density for dazzling of light and dark are 0.055 mW/cm2 and 0.005 mW/cm2,respectively. There is a good eyedazzling effect of the supercontinuum laser. The dazzling results in a loss of central vision in tens to hundreds of seconds. With the increase of irradiation power density, glare effect is enhanced, which shows a good doseeffect relationship. At the same power density, the dazzling effect of human eyes of dark adaptation is better than that of light adaptation. This study explores the eyedazzling effect of supercontinuum laser under the condition of dark and light adaptation, and specifies the doseeffect relationship between supercontinuum laser and eye dazzling.

To investigate the molecular mechanisms of breast cancer resistance progression and develop novel potential therapeutic methods for the treatment of breast cancer resistance, in the study, the role of wtap in the cell migration of breast cancer MCF-7 and adriamycin resistant MCF-7/ADR cells were determined.MTT assays showed that adriamycin inhibited the survival of MCF-7 cells more than MCF-7/ADR did. qPCR and westernblot assays showed that WTAP was highly expressed in adriamycin resistant MCF-7/ADR cells. Moreover, transwell assays showed that increasing WTAP expression in MCF-7 cells had no effect on the migration of MCF-7 cells, whereas knocking down WTAP expression in MCF-7 /ADR cells can inhibit the migration of MCF-7/ADR cells, which may be affected by inhibiting epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT) detected by westernblot. This finding will provide a new theoretical basis and strategy for the clinical treatment of breast cancer.

Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS),an ultrasensitive biochemical analytical technology, has been widely used for the detection of biomolecules, such as cell, nucleic acid, protein, showing great potential in the field of biomedical application.In recent years, the application of SERS in accurate detection for DNA has attracted extensive attentions. This review briefly introduces the basic principle of SERS and its advantages in DNA detection. It mainly introduces labelfree DNASERS detection, including the related work of our group. Studies have shown that labelfree DNASERS technology is expected to become a fast and accurate clinical diagnosis approach.

The quick and nondestructive diagnosis of the ramie leaves with the brown spot through the analysis of the hyperspectral information on leaves is of great significance to improving the production and the quality of ramie. Total 430 hyperspectral data，which are related to the ramie leaves suffering from the brown spot，and to the healthy ramie leaves， are collected by using a portable ASD spectrometer called FieldSpec 3 and a handheld leaf clip. From this，we present a subband principal components analysis (PCA) approach based on the coefficient of variation to extract the feature variables. Meanwhile，using respectively 1 to 10 main factors as the feature variables and together with the support vector classification(SVC) approach to build the identification model of the brown spot of ramie leaves. We get the following results：1) The four subbands，i.e. the band A(511~636 nm)， the band B(630714 nm)，the band C(1 406~1 511 nm) and the band D(1 870~2 450 nm)， have more higher coefficients of variation  than other bands and are the sensitive bands for building the identification model；2) The modeling effect of the band C is the best one of those 4 bands，and while using 5 to 10 PCA main factors as the feature variables to construct the SVC identification model，the accuracy rate is over 90% with the same number of main factors，which is apparently higher than that of the fullwave band and other subbands. Therefore，it is practicable to construct the SVC identification model on the brown spot of ramie leaves by performing PCA over the subbands that are more sensitive to the coefficient of variation and by appropriately choosing the number of main factors that act as the feature variables，which provides the technical support for developing a new diagnose of the brown spot of ramie.

In this study, SMMC-7721, BEL-7402 and HepG2 hepatoma cells were irradiated by Xrays, and the survival fraction was detected by colony formation assay; PER1 expression was detected by western blot and RTqPCR; Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis. The results showed that the survival fraction of SMMC7721, BEL7402 and HepG2 cells decreased gradually under Xray irradiation of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 Gy, among which SMMC-7721 was the most sensitive one to radiation,  while the radioresistance of BEL-7402 was the highest. Western blot analysis showed that the expression level of PER1 in SMMC7721 was significantly higher than that of BEL-7402 and HepG2 (P<0.05). After overexpression of PER1 protein, apoptosis rate of BEL7402 cells exposed to 5 Gy Xray irradiation was significantly increased. At the same time, western blot and RT-qPCR showed that expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl2 was significantly decreased, and the cleavage of apoptosisexecuting protein caspase-3 was significantly increased in BEL7402 cells overexpressing PER1. The results showed that high level expression of PER1 protein can promote X-ray induced apoptosis and enhance the radiosensitivity of liver cancer cells.

Abstract: The effects of Penicillium tomii PT95 strain on Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilisus, Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiaeae, Rhizopus nigricansa, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus plantarum were studied by filter paper method and oxford cup method, the methods can screen out the most effective strain. At the same time, the minimum concentration of fermentation filtrate of Penicillium thomii was determined. Taking the diameter of bacteriostatic ring as an index, single factor test was used to optimize the culture conditions of carbon source, nitrogen source and inorganic salt etc. The results showed that Penicillium thomii PT95 strain had the most inhibitory effect on Bacillus subtilis, with the largest inhibition rate and up to 65.4%. The optimized medium was glucose 8.64 g/L, peptone 5.00 g/L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.30 g/L, NaCl 3.00 g/L, agar 20.00 g/L, pH7.0～7.2. Inhibitory substance was found abundantly in secondary metabolites of Penicillium thomii PT95 strain. Antibacterial activity was improved by optimal production conditions.
Key words: Penicillium thomi; antibacterial activity; Bacillus subtilis; fermentation filtrate; inhibition circle

To investigate the copigmentations of glutathione and gallic acid on purple yamanthocyanins, the effects of glutathione and gallic acid on the degradation rate, thermal stability and color difference of anthocyanins were studied. The results showed that glutathione and gallic acid could effectively inhibit the degradation of anthocyanin, and the optimal addition amount was 0.03% and 0.2%, respectively. Under that additive quantity condition, the thermal degradations of purple yam anthocyanin in 50 ℃, 70 ℃ and 90 ℃ water bath were in accordance with the firstorder degradation kinetics. Compared with the control group, the degradation rate constant (k) of purple yam anthocyanin decreased after adding glutathione and gallic acid, the halflife and activation energy were improved, which suggests that glutathione and gallic acid can enhance the thermal stability of anthocyanin. Meanwhile, the color difference results indicated that the brightness index (L*) and chromaticity index (a*, b*) of purple yam anthocyanin with the effects of glutathione and gallic acid change slowly, Therefore the color stability is enhanced.

Genomic DNA samples extracted from blood stains from 484 lineage members from North Chinese Han population were genotyped with TYPERX19 kit. In a total of 5 652 allele transmissions, 8 mutations were detected from 6 different markers including DXS6810, DXS8378, DXS6797, DXS7423, DXS7424, DXS8377 through the 484 lineage members, the mutation rate of DXS6810 and DXS8377 was 0.006 4, the mutation rate of DXS8378, DXS6797, DXS7423 and DXS7424 was 0.003 2. No mutation was found in the other 12 markers. The average mutation rate across all 18 XSTR markers was 0.001 4. All mutations were with single step. There were no significant differences between mutation rates of different XSTR loci (P＞0.05). The losses and gains were balanced at all loci. Mutation rates were correlated with the lengths of the alleles. Alleles with higher number of repeats were more likely to mutate. The origins of the mutation are mostly from the fathers.