Abstract: Bone defects are a serious medical problem in the field of orthopedics that urgently needs to be addressed. Their causes include traumatic fractures, congenital bone developmental abnormalities, and various other conditions, and they usually cannot heal through the body’s own repair mechanisms. Therefore, exploring strategies to efficiently accelerate the repair of bone defects has always been one of the core goals of orthopedic research. Tissue engineering provides critical physical support and a microenvironment for bone defect repair and has become an important direction in bone defect treatment. How to further enhance scaffold-mediated bone regeneration efficiency and optimize repair outcomes is currently a research hotspot in this field. Studies have shown that photobiomodulation (PBM), as a non-invasive physical therapy method, can significantly promote bone tissue regeneration through biological stimulation. Based on this, this paper will systematically analyze the biostimulation mechanism of photobiomodulation and its application practice in the treatment of clinical bone defects, and expound the advantages and clinical application prospects of photobiomodulation, in order to provide new ideas and technical references for the clinical treatment of bone defects.
Key words: photobiomodulation; tissue engineering; bone defects; mechanism of action; clinical application
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2026, 35(2): 162-167）