(1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha 410005, China; 2. College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China)
Abstracts: This study aimed to investigate the the effectiveness and mechanism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) in mice with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) model, and to study a new method for the treatment of GDM. hUCMSCs were obtained by tissue block culture. Female mice were raised with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) solution to induce type 2 diabetes after being fed with D12451 high-fat. Then, mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus were kept in cages overnight, both male and female. Sperm were examined the next morning using pubic plugs and microscopic sperm, which was recorded as the first day of gestation, and fasting blood glucose was measured on the fourth day of gestation. The animals with fasting blood glucose higher than of 11.2 mmol/L and polydipsia, polyphagia, and polyuria were designated as GDM model mice. After injecting 5×105 hUCMSCs into the tail vein to treat GDM model mice, the effects of hUCMSCs on GDM mice were analyzed by detecting changes in blood glucose levels，serum inflammatory factors, macrophages, pathological sections of islet cells, and other indicators. Blood glucose levels of GDM mice treated with hUCMSCs were significantly reduced (0.001<P<0.01). Immunohistochemical results showed that the ratio of islet-β-cells to α-cells increased significantly in the mice after treatment with hUCMSCs (0.001<P<0.01). The results of inflammatory factor detection showed that the expression of pro-inflammatory factor IL-1β was reduced in the treatment group compared with the control group(P<0.05). In vitro cell experiments showed an increase in the expression of M1 macrophages co-cultured with hUCMSCs. It indicated that hUCMSCs can reduce the blood glucose level of GDM mice to a certain extent and effectively affect their immunomodulatory effect，which is beneficial to the treatment of GDM in mice.
Key words: human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; gestational diabetes mellitus; inflammatory factors; sugar metabolism; model mice
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2024, 33(3): 236-242）