摘 要：随着紫外激光技术的广泛应用，紫外激光对生物组织，尤其是对眼睛的潜在损伤风险被密切关注，紫外激光引起的眼部损伤问题也一直是眼损伤效应研究者关注的热点。紫外激光涵盖了200 nm到400 nm波长的光谱区间，眼睛的复杂结构决定了其对不同波长的紫外光产生的响应不同。本文旨在综述紫外激光对眼睛的损伤效应，梳理相关文献并探讨其损伤机制、临床应用及目前的防护措施和未来的研究方向。明确紫外激光对眼睛的生物学损伤效应与紫外激光眼损伤效应的机制，有助于改进相关医疗和修复技术，对制定有效的安全防护标准有重要意义。
关键词：紫外激光；眼损伤；光角膜炎；光化学损伤；防护与修复技术
中图分类号：R146                 文献标志码：A                 DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2025.05.003

Abstract: With the widespread application of ultraviolet laser technology, the potential risk of damage to biological tissues, especially the eyes, has been closely monitored. The issue of eye damage caused by ultraviolet lasers has always been a hot topic among researchers studying the effects of eye damage. The spectral range of ultraviolet lasers covers a wavelength range of 200 nm to 400 nm, and the complex structure of the eye is responsible for that it responds differently to ultraviolet light of different wavelengths. This paper aims to review the damage effects of ultraviolet lasers on the eyes, organize relevant literature, and discuss the mechanisms of damage, clinical applications, current protective measures, and future research directions. Determination of the biological damage effects of ultraviolet lasers on the eyes and the mechanisms underlying ultraviolet laser eye damage is beneficial for improving related medical and repairment technologies and is of great significance for the formulation of effective safety protection standards.
Key words: ultraviolet laser; eye damage; photokeratitis; photochemical damage; protection and repair technology
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2025, 34(5): 401-408）