摘 要：过去几十年来，超快激光内部改性技术已成为透明材料三维微加工的通用方法，能以极高的几何自由度制造复杂结构与器件。然而，针对玻璃、陶瓷等硬脆材料构成的工业级复杂器件，直接利用激光三维打印技术进行生产制造仍存在重大挑战。本文将介绍如何在透明材料深处对超快激光-物质相互作用进行极端时空调控，以及由此发展出的面向工业级玻璃微反应器制造的高分辨率、高通量超快激光3D打印技术。所制备的玻璃微反应器兼具三维微流通道构造灵活复杂与持液量大的优势，其在高通量、高性能连续流合成先进医药与化学品中的成功应用，将引领流动化学领域掀起一场新的技术革命。
关键词：激光三维打印；微反应器；微流控；流动化学；飞秒激光微加工
中图分类号：O437                   文献标志码：A                 DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2025.05.001

Abstract: Over the past few decades, ultrafast laser internal modification technology has emerged as a widely adopted method for the three-dimensional (3D) micromachining of transparent materials, enabling the fabrication of complex structures and devices with exceptional geometric freedom. However, the direct application of laser 3D printing technology for the production of industrial-scale complex devices composed of hard and brittle materials such as glass and ceramics still poses significant challenges. This paper first elucidates the mechanisms by which extreme spatiotemporal control of ultrafast laser-material interactions can be achieved deep inside of transparent materials. The development of a high-resolution, high-throughput ultrafast laser 3D printing technology tailored for the manufacture of industrial-scale glass microreactors is also reviewed. The resulting glass microreactors exhibit both flexible 3D microchannel architectures and large liquid holding volumes. Their successful implementation in the high-throughput, high-performance continuous flow synthesis of advanced pharmaceuticals and chemicals is poised to catalyze a new technological revolution in the field of flow chemistry.
Key words: laser three-dimensional printing; microreactor; microfluidics; flow chemistry; femtosecond laser micromachining
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2025, 34(5): 385-392）