摘　要：激光的用途非常广泛，涵盖工业、医疗、科研、信息技术、军事等多个领域，但其同时对人体的潜在危害也应引起重视。激光的危害主要体现在对眼睛和皮肤的损伤上，严重时可导致永久性伤害。本文在简介激光的分类后，根据近年来的国内外文献综述了激光的安全标准和损伤阈值，以及激光损伤人体的诊断、防护和治疗，旨在为相关学者防治人体激光损伤提供帮助。
关键词：激光损伤；激光装置；激光武器；预防人体激光损伤；治疗
中图分类号：R-1；Q631　　　　　　文献标志码：A　　　　DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2025.02.001

Abstract: Lasers have a wide range of applications, including applications in industry, medical care, scientific research, information technology and military, etc. Nevertheless, laser induced potential damages to human bodies must raise concerns. They mainly damage human eyes and skin. In extreme cases, they can cause permanent damages. After introducing the classification of lasers, this article summarizes the safety standards and damage thresholds of lasers based on domestic and foreign literatures in the past years, as well as the diagnosis, protection, and treatment of laser injuries to the human body. The aim is to provide assistance to relevant scientists in preventing and treating human laser injuries.
Key words: laser injury; laser device; laser weapons; preventing laser damage to the human body; treatment
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2025, 34(2): 097-106）