摘　要：本研究旨在探讨烟草根系分泌物及其组分对烟蚜的生物防治效果。采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）技术对烟草根系分泌物的成分进行鉴定与分析，并评估其对烟蚜的触杀活性。结果显示，在不同提取剂下，不同生长期的烟草根系分泌物中共检测到63种化合物，主要包括烃类（21种）、脂类（10种）、酚类（6种）、有机酸类（5种）等。随着烟草生长期的延长，根系分泌物中化合物的种类和相对含量显著增加。在移栽后的第20天，使用二氯甲烷（DCM）和乙酸乙酯（EAC）分别鉴别出30种和14种化合物；到第40天，分泌物种类分别增至54种和33种。不同提取剂处理下，DCM作为提取溶剂时，检测到的化合物种类最多，尤其是在烃类化合物方面；EAC则提取出更多的有机酸和脂类化合物。烟草根系分泌物对烟蚜表现出显著的毒杀和抑制作用，且随质量浓度增加及处理时间延长，杀虫效果显著增强。当烟草根系分泌物质量浓度达到5 g/mL时，处理24 h的烟蚜的死亡率达到88.53%以上。两种试剂提取的烟草根系分泌物中，DCM提取的毒杀效果优于EAC。此外，烟草根系分泌物的组分邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯（DIBP）也表现出较好的触杀活性，质量浓度为1 g/mL时，处理48 h后，烟蚜的校正死亡率达到88.04%，且随着质量浓度的增加，死亡率相应提高。本研究表明，烟草根系分泌物及其组分对烟蚜具有显著的触杀作用。研究结果为烟草根系分泌物的植物保护剂开发及烟草种植等绿色防控策略的应用提供了科学依据。
关键词：烟草；烟蚜；根系分泌物；触杀作用；绿色防控
中图分类号：S435.72　　　              文献标志码：A　　　DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2025.02.005

Abstract: This study aims to explore the biocontrol effects of tobacco root exudates and their components on Myzus persicae. The composition of tobacco root exudates was identified and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technology, and their contact toxicity against Myzus persicae was evaluated. The results showed that a total of 63 compounds were detected in tobacco root exudates at different growth stages and under different extraction solvents. These compounds mainly included hydrocarbons (21 types), lipids (10 types), phenols (6 types), and organic acids (5 types). As the growth period of tobacco increased, both the variety and relative content of compounds in the root exudates significantly increased. On the 20th day after transplanting, 30 and 14 compounds were identified using dichloromethane (DCM) and ethyl acetate (EAC) as extraction solvents, respectively. By the 40th day, the number of compounds increased to 54 and 33, respectively. DCM extracted the highest number of compounds, especially hydrocarbons, while EAC extracted more organic acids and lipids. Tobacco root exhibited significant toxicity and inhibitory effects against Myzus persicae, with insecticidal effects increasing as the mass concentration of exudates and the duration of treatment increased. When the mass concentration of tobacco root exudates reached 5 g/mL, the mortality rate of tobacco aphid treated for 24 h was more than 88.53%. Among the tobacco root exudates extracted by the two reagents, the toxic effect of DCM extraction was superior to EAC. Additionally, diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), a component of the tobacco root exudates, also demonstrated good contact toxicity against Myzus persicae, with a corrected mortality rate of 88.04% after 48 h at a mass concentration of 1 g/mL. The corrected mortality rate increased with higher mass concentrations. This study showed that tobacco root exudates and their components had significant contact effects on Myzus persicae, and the results provided scientific basis for the development of plant protection agents of tobacco root exudates and the application of green control strategies such as tobacco planting.
Key words: tobacco; Myzus persicae; root exudates; contact toxicity; green prevention and control
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2025, 34(2): 132-139）