摘　要：光甘草定是一种具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗菌等多种生物学特性的黄酮类物质。本研究旨在探究光甘草定的抗甲型流感病毒（IAV）的潜能，以甲型H1N1流感病毒为研究对象，利用qRT-PCR、Western blot和空斑试验评估其在体外抗H1N1病毒的效果，并结合网络药理学和分子对接分析预测光甘草定抗IAV的作用机制。结果显示：光甘草定以浓度依赖性抑制H1N1病毒复制，显示出良好的抗病毒活性（P<0.05）；进一步利用PharmMapper、Swiss Target Prediction数据库和Genecards数据库筛选出光甘草定作用IAV感染的交集靶点161个；利用R语言4.3.1软件对上述161个交集靶点进行基因本体（GO）富集分析和京都基因与基因百科全书（KEGG）富集分析，结果显示，交集靶点主要参与正向调控蛋白酪氨酸激酶活性和MAPK级联反应，以及调控炎症反应等过程，且在卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒感染、Rap1信号通路等多个信号通路富集。利用Venny软件和String数据库构建交集靶点的蛋白-蛋白相互作用（PPI）网络，从中筛选出包括SRC、EGFR、ESR1等潜在核心靶点蛋白共10个。利用分子对接验证，结果显示，光甘草定与所有潜在核心靶点的结合能均低于-5.00 kcal/mol，展示出了较高的结合亲和力。研究表明，光甘草定具有良好的体外抗H1N1病毒活性，其作用机制具有多靶点、多通路、多环节的调控特点。这为光甘草定抗IAV的重要功能蛋白解析及其作用机制研究提供了参考依据。
关键词：光甘草定；甲型流感病毒；网络药理学；分子对接；抗病毒活性
中图分类号：R373.1+3；　　　　　  文献标志码：A　　　　DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2025.02.004

Abstract: Glabridin is a flavonoid compound characterized by diverse biological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, and antibacterial activities. This study aimed to investigate the antiviral potential of Glabridin against influenza A virus (IAV), specifically focusing on the H1N1 strain. The qRT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and plaque assays were employed to evaluate the in vitro antiviral effects of Glabridin on H1N1. Furthermore, network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses were employed to predict the mechanisms underlying Glabridin antiviral action against IAV. The results revealed that Glabridin inhibited H1N1 virus replication in a concentration-dependent manner and exhibited significant antiviral activity (P<0.05). Pharm Mapper, Swiss Target Prediction database and Genecards database were further utilized to screen the intersection targets of Glabridin on IAV infection, and 161 overlapping targets were finally selected. R software version 4.3.1 was used to perform gene ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses on these 161 overlapping targets. The results indicated that the overlapping targets were primarily implicated in processes such as the positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity, the MAPK cascade, and the modulation of inflammatory responses. Moreover, these targets were enriched in various signaling pathways, including Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection and the Rap1 signaling pathway. Venny software and String database were employed to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the above-mentioned 161 overlapping targets, and a total of 10 potential core target proteins including SRC, EGFR, ESR1 were screened out. And the binding energies of Glabridin to all potential core targets were lower than -5.00 kcal/mol, indicating a high binding affinity. The results of this study indicated that Glabridin exhibits significant in vitro antiviral activity against the H1N1 virus, and its mechanism of action has the characteristics of multi-target, multi-pathway and multi-link regulation, which provides a reference for the elucidation of important functional proteins and the action mechanism of Glabridin against IAV.
Key words: Glabridin; influenza A virus; network pharmacology; molecular docking; antiviral activity
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2025, 34(2): 121-131）