摘　要：为探讨不同剂量1 064 nm激光照射后猪皮肤组织损伤效应和修复的规律，为扩大激光的临床应用提供指导，本文采用基模光纤激光器输出不同功率1 064 nm的连续激光，通过方格阵列法对活体猪皮肤进行单次照射，剂量由小到大依次照射后，即刻观察皮肤损伤反应并计算其发生率，采用加权概率单位法计算损伤阈值ED50，并在照后6 h至28 d动态观察激光皮肤损伤斑的愈合情况和病理形态学变化。随着激光辐照剂量的增加，皮肤损伤由轻到重依次出现红斑、白斑和焦斑等不同类型的损伤斑。剂量低于70.0 J/cm2时，猪皮肤损伤表现为可逆的红斑反应；剂量为192.2 J/cm2时，猪皮肤损伤以焦斑为主（发生率约为51.4 %）；而剂量为425.0 J/cm2时，猪皮肤焦斑发生率可达到100.0%。1 064 nm激光致猪皮肤损伤阈值ED50为50.8 J/cm2。病理形态学观察结果显示，照射后3～28 d，各照射组创面均出现不同程度的修复趋势，但这种趋势随着照射强度的增加而趋于减弱，且高于192.2 J/cm2的激光辐照组恢复趋势缓慢。小型猪皮肤经1 064 nm激光照射后，辐照剂量越大，皮肤损伤越重，组织修复趋势越慢，显示出较好的量效关系。本研究为激光皮肤损伤和修复过程的医疗应用提供了重要的试验和理论依据。
关键词：1 064 nm激光；小型猪；皮肤损伤阈值；皮肤损伤效应；修复
中图分类号：TN249                             文献标志码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2023.04.004

Abstract: The damage effects and repair rules of pig skin tissue after different doses of 1 064 nm laser irradiation were explored, so as to provide guidance for expanding the safe application of laser in clinical practice. This article used a fundamental mode fiber laser to output 1 064 nm continuous laser with different powers. Live pig skin was irradiated at multiple spots one time by using a grid-array method. The skin injury reaction was observed and its incidence was calculated immediately after laser irradiation from low to high doses. The weighted probit method was used to calculate the damage threshold ED50. The healing and pathological changes after laser-induced skin injury were observed dynamically within 6 h and for 28 d after laser irradiation. With the increase of irradiation dose, laser-induced skin injuries ranging from mild to severe appeared erythema, white spot and burnt spot in turn. When the dose was lower than 70.0 J/cm2, a reversible erythema predominantly occurred. When the dose was 192.2 J/cm2, a burnt spot predominantly occurred with an incidence of about 51.4 %. However, the incidence of burnt spots could reach 100.0% at a dose of 425.0 J/cm2. The damage threshold ED50 of pig skin damage caused by a 1 064 nm laser is 50.8 J/cm2. 3～28 d after irradiation, pathomorphological results showed that the wounds of each irradiation group appeared varying degrees of repair trend. However, this trend tended to be weakened with the increase of laser irradiation intensity, and the recovery trend of laser irradiation groups higher than 192.2 J/cm2 was slow. After irradiation with the 1 064 nm laser on pig skin, the higher the laser irradiation dose is, the more serious the skin injury is and the slower the wound repair is, indicating a good dose-effect correlative relationship. This study provides an important experimental and theoretical basis for the medical application of laser irradiation-induced skin injury and repair process.
Key words: 1 064 nm laser; miniature pig; skin damage threshold; skin damage effects; repair
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2023, 32(4): 312-320）