摘　要：为观察普洱茶提取物对高脂饮食诱导肥胖大鼠脂肪组织中黑皮素受体-4（MC4R）基因表达的影响，进一步探讨普洱茶抗肥胖的相关机制，本试验将大鼠随机分为正常对照组、高脂饲料组、高脂饲料+普洱茶提取物干预组，构建单纯性肥胖模型。每周测量大鼠体重，3个月试验结束后测量大鼠终末体重、脂肪组织重量，检测甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）等血脂水平。提取大鼠附睾脂肪组织，采用实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和免疫印迹试验（Western blot）检测肥胖相关基因MC4R mRNA和蛋白的表达水平。结果显示：普洱茶能显著减轻高脂饮食大鼠体重和脂肪组织重量，降低体脂比，并降低各项血脂水平；普洱茶提取物能显著上调MC4R基因和蛋白的表达。这表明普洱茶提取物具有减肥降脂作用，其分子机制可能与上调肥胖重要调节因子MC4R有关。
关键词：普洱茶；肥胖；表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯；黑素皮质素受体-4（MC4R）；血脂水平
中图分类号：R151.2　　　　　　文献标志码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2021.03.011

Abstracts: In order to explore the anti-obesity mechanism of Pu-erh tea, the effect of MC4R expression mediating the anti-obesity activity of Pu-erh tea extracts in high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats was observed. SD rats were divided into three groups: normal diet control group (ND group), high-fat diet group (HF group) and high-fat diet with Pu-erh tea extracts group (PTE group). Body weight and serum lipids were measured, and fat mass were observed. Expressions of MC4R in epididymal fat tissues of rats were measured by RT-PCR and Western blot. Pu-erh tea extracts prevented the increases of body weight and fat tissues induced by high-fat diet, and it reduced the blood lipids. MC4R mRNA and protein levels were markedly increased in adipose tissue of rats fed with high fat diet for intervention with Pu-erh tea extracts. Pu-erh tea could reduce diet-induced body weights and decrease blood lipids, its mechanism might be related to the regulation of obesity gene MC4R.
Key words: Pu-erh tea; obesity; epigallocatechin gallate; melanocortin4 receptor (MC4R); blood lipid level
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2021, 30(3): 284-288）