摘　要：硅是地壳中重要的元素，且在水稻生长中发挥重要作用，但叶面喷施硅肥对水稻增产和抗病虫的影响研究甚少。为探讨叶面硅肥的作用，本文通过大田试验研究了叶面喷施硅肥对水稻的农艺性状、抗病和抗虫性的影响。田间试验结果表明，与对照相比，叶面喷施硅肥的水稻植株颜色更绿、茎秆更粗壮且抗倒伏，分蘖数、穗数、每穗的实粒数、千粒重及产量均提高，并且二化螟蛀虫数减少，未发生纹枯病。叶片离体接种试验进一步证明，叶面喷施硅肥可显著提高水稻对纹枯病的抗性。
关键词：水稻；叶面硅肥；农艺性状；抗病和抗虫性；纹枯病
中图分类号：S432　　　　　　　文献标志码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2021.03.009

Abstract: Silicon is an important element in the earth’s crust, and only rice can absorb silicon ion. However, there is little research on the effect of foliar application of silicon fertilizer on rice yield and disease and insect resistance. To study the effect of foliar silicon fertilizer, we analyzed the effects of foliar application of silicon fertilizer on agronomic traits, disease and insect resistance, through field test in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Field test results showed that fertilized rice leaves are darker in color and have stronger stalks, enhanced lodging resistance, and tillering number, the panicle number, the grains number per panicle, thousand-grain weight and yield of rice are increased. Fertilized rice has less infection of striped rice borer and without rice sheath blight compared to control. Leaf inoculation test in vitro further indicated that, foliar application of silicon fertilizer can significantly increase the resistance to sheath blight in rice.
Key words: rice; foliar silicon fertilizer; agronomic trait; resistance to disease and insect; rice sheath blight
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2021, 30(3): 270-275）