（南开大学药物化学生物学全国重点实验室，天津 300350） 
摘　要：金属-有机框架（MOFs）因其高孔隙率和可定制结构能够结合多种生物分子，作为生物传感器极具潜力。金属配体自发光或引入客体荧光可以赋予MOFs出色的荧光响应性能以进行生物检测。然而，单一荧光信号容易受到浓度、环境和激发强度等的干扰，导致精度较低。双荧光发射的MOFs生物传感器很好地克服了这些缺点，但缺乏全面准确表征其荧光特性的技术手段。荧光共振能量转移（FRET）是荧光分子内部能量由供体传递给受体的过程，基于激光扫描共聚焦显微镜对双发射MOFs进行FRET检测，能够实现可视化成像和精确的效率分析，是双发射MOFs的有效评价手段。本文阐述了FRET检测双发射MOFs的技术流程和条件，并结合阿尔茨海默病和新型冠状病毒感染（COVID-19）的研究实例，对MOFs荧光生物传感器的设计理念、结合模式、作用效率等方面的应用进展进行了综述，结果表明，该技术具有高检测灵敏度和特异性，为探针开发和评价提供了新思路。
关键词：荧光共振能量转移；金属-有机框架；激光共聚焦显微镜；荧光生物传感器；双荧光发射
中图分类号： Q334；O657.3                   文献标志码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2024.06.001

(State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China)
Abstract: The high porosity and customizable structure of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) allow them to bind a wide range of biomolecules and have great potential as biosensors. MOFs can exhibit luminescence from metal nodes, ligands or introduced guests, which provides an excellent fluorescence response for sensing. However, single-signal emitting MOFs are susceptible to interference from concentration, environment, and excitation intensity, resulting in poor accuracy. Dual-fluorescence-emitting MOFs biosensors overcome these shortcomings and need to be fully and accurately characterized. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is the process in which the internal energy of fluorescent molecules is transferred from the donor to the acceptor, and FRET detection of dual-emission MOFs based on laser scanning confocal microscopy can achieve visual imaging and accurate efficiency analysis, and has become an effective evaluation method for dual-emission MOFs. In this paper, the technical process and conditions of FRET for the detection of dual-emission MOFs are described, and combined with the research examples of Alzheimer's disease and COVID-19, the application progress of MOFs fluorescent biosensors in terms of design concept, binding mode, and action efficiency is demonstrated. The results confirmed that this technique has high detection sensitivity and specificity, which provides a new idea for probe development and evaluation.
Key words: fluorescence resonance energy transfer; metal-organic frameworks; laser confocal microscopy; fluorescent
biosensors; double fluorescence emission
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2024, 33(6): 481-488）