摘 要：全国抑郁症患者基数庞大，由此引发的巨大社会劳动力损失以及高昂的医疗费用所造成的公共卫生负担已不言而喻。在传统药理学干预面临疾病复发率高以及副作用频发的背景下，光疗技术凭借其物理干预的精准性与非侵入性优势脱颖而出。在本篇综述中，我们将从不同的研究视角出发，探讨光疗调控抑郁症的多层面机制，与此同时，从亮光疗法（BLT）与光生物调节作用（PBM）这两个不同的物理干预方法在改善非季节性抑郁症与临床医学证据方面进行总结。在文章的最后，我们将从当前研究中的“剂量-效应”曲线标准化以及生物安全性评估等方面，展望未来基于生物反馈的闭环精准光医疗范式，为光疗调控治疗抑郁症提供一定的理论支撑。

关键词：光疗；抑郁症；光生物调节作用；亮光疗法；神经环路
中图分类号：R454.2；R749.4            文献标志码：A                 DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2026.02.002

Abstract: The number of patients with depression across the country is large, leading to significant loss of social labor and high medical costs, which together impose a substantial public health burden. Against the background of high relapse rates and frequent side effects associated with traditional pharmacological interventions, phototherapy modulation technology stands out due to its precision and non-invasive nature. In this review, we explore the multi-level mechanisms of phototherapy modulation in depression from various research perspectives. We also summarize findings from two physical intervention methods—bright light therapy (BLT) and photobiomodulation (PBM)—regarding their effects on non-seasonal depression and related clinical evidence. Finally, we look ahead to a future closed-loop precise photomedicine paradigm based on biofeedback, addressing issues such as standardization of the dose-response relationship and biosafety assessment. This perspective aims to provide theoretical support for the use of phototherapy modulation in treating depression.
Key words: phototherapy; depression; photobiomodulation; bright light therapy; neural circuit
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2026, 35(2): 111-120）