摘 要：本研究旨在探究妊娠中期山羊胃肠道营养化学感应相关基因mRNA的区域表达差异及营养限制对其表达的影响。试验选取12只体重为（23.0±1.0）kg、年龄为（2.0±0.3）岁的健康妊娠山羊，随机分为对照组（CG）和限饲组（RG），每组6只。妊娠第40天起，CG自由采食基础饲粮，RG摄食量为CG的60%；于妊娠第96天屠宰，采集胃肠道样本并检测营养化学感应系统相关基因的mRNA表达。结果显示，营养化学感应系统相关基因的表达存在显著的区域特异性：除SLC38A2和GPR120外，SGLT1、SGLT3、GLUT2、GLUT5、GPR40、GPR41、GPR43、GPR84、SLC38A1和SLC7A7的mRNA均在小肠中高表达。营养限制表现出肠段特异性调控作用：下调了十二指肠的GLUT5、GPR40/41，空肠的GPR43/84及回肠的SLC38A2、SLC7A7表达（P<0.05）；上调了回肠的SGLT1、GPR40/41/43/84及十二指肠的SLC38A1表达（P<0.05）。综上所述，妊娠中期山羊胃肠道营养化学感应相关基因主要在小肠表达，营养限制通过远端肠段的补偿性吸收维持稳态，从而调节胃肠道营养物质的吸收与转运。
关键词：妊娠中期山羊；胃肠道；营养限制；单糖转运蛋白；游离脂肪酸受体；氨基酸转运蛋白
中图分类号： Q786 文献标志码：A DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2026.01.003
Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the regional expression differences of nutrient chemosensing-related genes along the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of mid-pregnant goats and the effects of nutritional restriction on the expression. Twelve mid-pregnant goats with an average body weight of (23.0±1.0) kg, and age of (2.0±0.3) years were randomly allocated to 2 groups: control group (CG) and nutrient restricted group (RG), each comprising 6 goats. From day 40 of gestation, goats in the CG were fed with a basal diet ad libitum, while those in RG were fed with 60% of the feed intake of CG. All goats were slaughtered on day 96 of gestation, and samples from different GIT were collected to determine the mRNA expression of target genes. The results revealed significant regional expression differences in the target genes: except for SLC38A2 and GPR120, the mRNA of other genes including SGLT1, SGLT3, GLUT2, GLUT5, GPR40, GPR41, GPR43, GPR84, SLC38A1 and SLC7A7 were markedly higher in the small intestine. Nutritional restriction exerted segment-specific regulatory effects: it down-regulated the expression of GLUT5, GPR40 and GPR41 in the duodenum, GPR43 and GPR84 in the jejunum, and SLC38A2 and SLC7A7 in the ileum (P<0.05). Conversely, nutrient restriction up-regulated the expression of SGLT1, GPR40, GPR4, GPR43 and GPR84 in the ileum, and SLC38A1 in the duodenum (P<0.05). In conclusion, nutrient chemosensing-related genes in the GIT of mid-pregnant goats are predominantly expressed in the small intestine. Nutritional restriction appears to maintain systemic homeostasis by enhancing compensatory nutrient absorption in distal intestinal segments, thereby modulating the overall absorption and transport of nutrients along the GIT.
Key words: mid-pregnant goat; gastrointestinal tract; nutrient restriction; monosaccharide transporter; free fatty acid receptor; amino acid transporter
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2026, 35(1): 019-027）
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