摘 要：在眼底疾病的监测、诊断和治疗中，眼底血管的可视化显得至关重要。激光散斑衬比成像作为一种广泛运用的无创光学成像技术，无需造影剂即可实现血管可视化及动态血流监测。然而，使用固定大小滑动窗口的传统对比度计算会引入噪声。本文提出将激光散斑衬比图像与LED光拍摄出的血管结构图像进行配准融合，对融合后的图像进行区域划分，并使用方差准则提取更适合相应区域的像素进行计算，并在血管边界区域改变分析窗口的形状和大小。结果表明，对比度提高了67.61%。这种方法在更深层血管成像中具有更高的噪声减少效果和更好的图像质量，为眼底疾病诊断治疗提供了帮助。

关键词：激光散斑衬比成像；眼底；血流；图像配准；自适应窗口
中图分类号：R331       文献标志码：A     DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2025.06.008

Abstract: In the monitoring, diagnosis, and clinical management of fundus diseases, the visualization of fundus vascular structures is recognized as of paramount importance for accurate pathological assessment. Laser speckle contrast imaging, a well-established non-invasive optical imaging technique, is capable of achieving vessel visualization and real-time dynamic blood flow monitoring, as contrast agents are not required. However, significant noise is inevitably introduced by the conventional contrast calculation method that employs a fixed-size sliding window. In the present study, laser speckle contrast images are aligned and fused with vascular structural images acquired via LED light illumination. Subsequent to fusion, the composite images are segmented into regional subsets, and region-specific optimal pixels are selected based on the variance criterion to perform contrast computation. Within the vascular boundary region, the geometry and dimensions of the analysis window are dynamically adjusted to adapt to the local vascular morphology. The results indicate that the contrast has been enhanced by 67.61%. Moreover, in deeper vascular imaging, the proposed method is found to yield superior noise reduction performance and enhanced image quality, thereby providing support for the diagnosis and management of ocular diseases.
Key words: laser speckle contrast imaging; fundus; blood flow; image registration; adaptive window
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2025, 34(6): 541-550）