摘 要：光学相干断层扫描（OCT）是一种利用可见光和近红外光进行无创成像的技术，能够提供人体组织的详细横截面图像，广泛应用于眼底疾病的检查。目前，OCT主要分为时域式和傅里叶域式两种类型，而傅里叶域式又分为谱域式和扫频式。这些类型的OCT在图像采集方式、扫描速度、轴向与横向分辨率，以及成像范围等方面各具特色。扫频式OCT（SS-OCT）多采用1 050 nm或1 300 nm波长的扫频光源，具有很强的组织穿透能力，结合更快的扫描速度和更广的扫描范围，可清晰显示深层视网膜和脉络膜的结构，在量化眼底方面展现出独特的优势。基于近年来的研究进展，本文将对SS-OCT在眼科疾病中的应用研究进行综述，旨在为眼科疾病的早期诊断、病理机制阐明及疗效评估等方面提供参考。

关键词：扫频式光学相干断层扫描成像技术；眼底疾病；脉络膜血管指数；无创成像技术；眼底疾病检查 
中图分类号：R774                  文献标志码：A                  DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2025.06.001

Abstract: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses visible and near-infrared light to provide detailed cross-sectional images of human tissue, widely used for the examination of fundus diseases. Currently, OCT is mainly divided into two types: time-domain and Fourier-domain, with the Fourier-domain further divided into spectral-domain and swept-source types. These types of OCT each have their own characteristics in terms of image acquisition methods, scanning speed, axial and lateral resolution, and imaging range. Swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) often uses scanning light sources with wavelengths of 1 050 nm or 1 300 nm, which have strong tissue penetration capabilities. Combined with faster scanning speeds and a wider scanning range, it can clearly display the deep structures of the retina and choroid, demonstrating unique advantages in the quantitative assessment of the fundus. Based on recent research advances, this paper will review the application of SS-OCT in ocular diseases, aiming to provide a reference for early diagnosis, elucidation of pathological mechanisms, and evaluation of therapeutic effects in ophthalmology.
Key words: swept-source optical coherence tomography; fundus diseases; choroidal vessel volume index; non-invasive imaging technology; fundus disease examination
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2025, 34(6): 481-488）