摘　要：为探究马铃薯Y病毒（PVY）对作物根际土壤细菌群落多样性和土壤理化性质的影响，本研究利用16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术，解析了PVY感染前后植株根际土壤细菌群落的组成和多样性差异，解析了根际土壤细菌群落分子生态网络的变化规律。研究结果表明，PVY感染显著改变了根际土壤细菌群落丰度，但群落物种多样性并无显著变化。分子生态网络分析发现，相比健康植株，PVY感染植株根际土壤细菌网络的节点和连接数减少，网络密度、聚集系数和平均连通度低。Mantel分析表明，含水量、有效磷和速效钾是石门地区根系土壤细菌群落结构的主要影响因素（P<0.05）。综上所述，PVY扰动了细菌群落物种间的相互作用，这些结果对深入理解PVY和细菌群落之间的关联机制具有重要意义。
关键词：马铃薯Y病毒；根际土壤微生物；细菌群落；分子生态网络；土壤理化性质
中图分类号：S432.4                         文献标志码：A                  DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2025.01.007

Abstract: To investigate the impact of potato virus Y (PVY) on the diversity of bacterial communities and the physicochemical properties of rhizosphere soil, this study utilized 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing technology. We analyzed the differences in the composition and diversity of rhizosphere soil bacterial communities before and after PVY infection in potato plants and elucidated the changes in the molecular ecological network of the rhizosphere soil bacterial communities. The results indicated that PVY infection significantly altered the abundance of the rhizosphere soil bacterial communities, although there was no significant change in species diversity. Molecular ecological network analysis revealed that, compared to healthy plants, the nodes and links in the bacterial network of the rhizosphere soil of PVY-infected plants were reduced, with lower network density, clustering coefficient, and average connectivity. Mantel analysis showed that soil moisture content, available phosphorus, and readily available potassium were the main factors influencing the structure of rhizosphere soil bacterial communities in the Shimen region (P<0.05). In summary, PVY disrupted the interactions between bacterial community species, and these findings are of significant importance for understanding the mechanisms of interaction between PVY and bacterial communities.
Key words: PVY; rhizosphere soil microorganisms; bacterial community; ecological network; soil physical and chemical properties
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2025, 34(1): 054-062）