摘　要：近红外激光导致眼底损伤是指因近红外激光照射眼部后激光能量过高引起的眼底病变。随着科技的不断进步，红外激光广泛应用于各个领域，因其副作用而导致眼底损伤的病例数量逐年增加，引起医学相关领域人员的广泛关注。本文简要介绍了目前近红外激光导致眼底损伤的研究，包括流行病学现状、损伤后临床表现、眼底改变及可能的病理机理、治疗方案及预后、安全性及安全防护等，以期提高人们对激光安全的认识，降低因激光意外导致视力损伤的发生率，并对相关研究提供一些参考与帮助。
关键词：近红外激光；临床特征；病理变化；治疗方案及预后；安全性及安全防护
中图分类号：R779.1                            文献标志码：A                   DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2025.01.002

Abstract: Near infrared laser induced fundus disease is a disease of the fundus caused by excessive laser energy after irradiation of the eyes with the near infrared laser. With the continuous progress of science and technology, infrared laser is widely used in various fields, which leads to an increase in the number of cases of fundus damage caused by its action, causing widespread concern among people in medical related fields. In this paper, we start from the epidemiological status of near infrared laser induced fundus disease, briefly introduce the clinical manifestations and fundus changes after the injury, and summarize the possible pathological changes and mechanisms of near infrared laser induced fundus disease, treatment plan and prognosis, safety and safety protection. We hope to raise public’s awareness of laser safety, reduce the incidence of laser-induced visual injuries, and provide reference and help for future research.
Key words: near infrared laser; clinical feature; pathologic change; treatment plan and prognosis; safety and security protection
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2025, 34(1): 012-017）