摘　要：塑料的发明和应用已逾百年，给日常生活带来了极大的便利。塑料制品及成分经过破碎降解后形成微塑料（MPs），环境中的MPs可进入饮用水，其污染和潜在的健康危害逐渐受到重视。MPs的定性和定量检测仍处于发展阶段，拉曼光谱（RS）是目前较常用的一种较灵敏的非破坏性的无损光学分析技术。本文重点介绍了饮用水中MPs的来源、潜在危害以及RS检测的研究进展，旨在提高对饮用水中MPs污染的认知和对研发MPs检测技术的重视。

关键词：微塑料；饮用水；危害；拉曼光谱；检测

中图分类号：O657.37                           文献标志码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2024.01.002

Abstract: Plastics were invented a century ago and utilized by human being ever since, which bring tremendous convenience to our daily life. Plastic products and constituents can break down into microplastics (MPs) while undergoing combined physical, chemical, and biological processes. MPs in the environments might enter into the drinking water. Such contamination and potential health risks gradually become concerns. The qualitative and quantitative detection of MPs is still in its developmental stage. Raman spectroscopy (RS) is one of the commonly used sensitive, non-invasive and non-destructive optical methods in MPs analysis. This article primarily focuses on the sources, potential hazards of MPs in drinking water, and research advancements in RS technology, in order to promote better understanding of MPs contamination and drawattention to the research and development of MPs detection technology.

Key words: microplastics; drinking water; hazards; Raman spectroscopy; detection

（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2024, 33(1): 014-023）