摘　要：对云南省大理市小型哺乳动物携带的戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）进行调查，用巢式RT-PCR对捕获的小型哺乳动物样品中的病毒进行检测，用高通量测序对阳性HEV样本进行毒株全基因组测序，用MEGA-X、BESTv1.10.4 和Geneious软件进行生物信息学分析。本研究筛查了6属7种共114只小型哺乳动物样本，结果显示：HEV在褐家鼠中的阳性率为8.00%（2/25）；高通量测序获得1株编号为DL147的HEV全基因组，经系统发生分析确定其为HEV-C1基因型，与香港1例戊型肝炎患者血清中发现的HEV同源性最高，核苷酸序列一致性达95.21%，两株病毒的最早分歧时间约为2003年。研究证实，云南省大理市褐家鼠存在HEV-C1感染，其与近期报道的人源新发HEV高度同源，有较近的系统发生关系，对戊型肝炎防控有指导作用。

关键词：戊型肝炎病毒；人兽共患病；啮齿动物；遗传分析；高通量测序

中图分类号：R183.4                          文献标志码：A                DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2023.06.007

Abstract: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) harbored by small mammals in Dali City, Yunnan Province was investigated. The samples were detected by nested RT-PCR and whole genomes were sequenced by high-throughput sequencing in the positive HEV samples. Bioinformatics was analyzed by the soft-wares of MEGA-X, BESTv1.10.4 and Geneious. A total of 114 small mammals from 6 genera and 7 species were screened in this study. The positivity rate of HEV in Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) was 8.00% (2/25), and the whole genome of one HEV strain of No. DL147 was obtained, which was the HEV-C1 genotype, and had the highest homology to HEV in the serum of a patient with hepatitis E in Hong Kong, with a nucleotide level of 95.21%. The earliest divergence between the two strains was about 2003. The study confirmed the presence of HEV-C1 infection in Norway rat in Dali City, Yunnan Province, which is highly homologous to the recently reported human emerging HEV and has a relatively recent phylogenetic relationship， and it is instructive for prevention and control of hepatitis E.

 Key words: hepatitis E virus；zoonosis; rodents; genetic analysis; high throughput sequencing

（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2023, 32(6): 548-553）