摘　要：日常生活和工作中会接触到多种多样的蓝光辐射，蓝光的生物作用及其生物安全性也越来越受到关注。国内外已颁布一系列关于蓝光潜在健康危害、蓝光生物安全性评价，以及蓝光产品风险组别的指南、技术报告和标准。“蓝光危害”是灯和灯系统的光生物安全性评价标准体系中使用的一个专业技术术语。该术语并非泛指蓝光辐射有风险，也不应被误认为蓝光都是有害的。蓝光在维持正常视觉和人体健康中发挥着重要作用，理性认识蓝光危害对蓝光技术的发展和应用有积极意义。本文围绕蓝光辐射的一些重要性质、来源、蓝光的生物作用以及蓝光生物安全性评价体系，对蓝光危害目前的共识以及误解进行了客观和理性分析，并对关于蓝光辐射的生物安全性的相关标准以及蓝光生物安全性评价方法进行了综述。
关键词：蓝光危害；蓝光危害加权函数；蓝光生物安全性；曝辐限值；最大允许照射时间
中图分类号：R77              文献标志码：A             DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2023.02.001

Abstract: Human being can be exposed to various blue light in daily life and workplace. The biological effects and biosafety of blue light have attracted more and more attentions in recent years. A series of guidelines, technical reports and standards have been issued at home and abroad on the potential health hazards of blue light, the biological safety assessment of blue light and the risk group of blue light products. The “blue light hazard” is a technical term used in the standard system for the photobiological safety assessment of lights and lamp systems. The term does not generically imply that blue light radiation is risky nor should it be mistakenly considered as harmful. Blue light plays an important role in maintaining normal vision and human health. Rational understanding of blue light hazard would have positive effects on the development and application of blue light technology. This article focuses on some important properties and sources of blue light radiation, biological effects of blue light and the assessment system of blue light biosafety, and intends to make an objective and rational analysis of the current consensus and misunderstanding on the blue light hazard, and reviews the relevant standards on the biosafety of blue light radiation and the evaluation methods of blue light biosafety.
Key words: blue light hazard; blue-light hazard function; biosafety of blue light; exposure limit; maximum permissible exposure duration
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2023, 32(2): 097-110）