摘　要：纤维素合成酶（CeSA）是能在植物细胞质膜上合成纤维素的蛋白质，具有与叶片形态发育相关的顺式作用元件。在高等植物的生长发育过程中，细胞的伸长受到激素和环境的影响，使得植物生长高度具有差异性。其中细胞壁对细胞伸长起限制作用，而纤维素是细胞壁重要的组成成分，对植物的细胞形态有重要的影响。CeSA是植物生长发育的重要调控因子。本研究通过对蓖麻（Ricinus communis）参考基因组CeSA基因的识别和生物遗传信息学的研究，结合蓖麻基因组数据库，对CeSA家族成员的基因结构、染色体定位、理化性质、二级结构、三级结构、信号肽与亚细胞定位、蛋白跨膜结构域、共线性分析、保守基序、启动子顺势作用元件及系统进化进行了鉴定和表达分析。从蓖麻参考基因组中共鉴定出8个CeSA转录因子，命名为RcCeSA1～RcCeSA8，分布在8条染色体上；8个RcCeSAs蛋白都是亲水性蛋白，不含信号肽，蛋白亚细胞定位以在叶绿体和高尔基体上为主；在二级结构中有70%的α-螺旋和无规则卷曲；RcCeSAs基因保守性分析表明，除Motif1和Motif2外，其他Motif均为RcCeSA家族中较为保守的基序；基因启动子顺式作用元件分析发现，RcCeSA1、RcCeSA4、RcCeSA7转录因子的启动子区域中存在叶片形态发育以及参与防御和应激反应的相关的元件，可能会在逆境条件下快速表达，发挥其潜在功能。系统进化树分析表明，RcCeSA家族与大豆、向日葵的亲缘关系更近。本研究结果探究了蓖麻CeSA相关转录因子调控植物纤维素合成的分子机制功能，为进一步研究叶片形态差异、纤维素含量及纤维素合成相关基因在蓖麻中的表达与建立植物形态对实际生产中的重要作用奠定基础。
关键词：蓖麻；CeSA转录因子；基因家族；植物纤维素合成；生物信息学
中国分类号：S565.6                          文献标志码：A                        DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2023.02.008

Abstract: Cellulose synthase A (CeSA) is a protein that can synthesize cellulose on the plasma membrane of plant cells，and has cis-acting elements related to leaf morphological development. In the process of higher plant growth and development，the elongation of cells is affected by hormones and the environment，making plant growth highly different. Among them，the cell wall plays a limiting role in the elongation length of cells，while cellulose is an important component of the cell wall and has an important impact on the cell morphology of plants. CeSA is an important regulator of plant growth and development. In this study，the gene structure，chromosome localization，physicochemical properties，secondary structure，tertiary structure，signal peptide and subcellular localization，protein transmembrane domain，collinearity analysis，conserved Motifs，promoter homeopathic elements and phylogeny of CeSA family members were identified and analyzed by the identification and biogenetic informatics of the reference genome of Ricinus communis，combined with the castor genome database. A total of 8 CeSA transcription factors were identified from the castor reference genome，named RcCeSA1～RcCeSA8，distributed on 8 chromosomes. The 8 RcCeSAs proteins were all hydrophilic proteins，did not contain signal peptides，and the protein subcellular localization was mainly on chloroplasts and Golgi apparatus. 70% of the α-spiral and irregular curling in secondary structures; The gene conservation analysis of RcCeSAs showed that Motifs except Motif1 and Motif2 were all conserved Motifs in the RcCeSA family. The analysis of gene promoter cis-acting elements found that there were leaf morphological development and related elements involved in defense and stress response in the promoter regions of RcCeSA1，RcCeSA4 and RcCeSA7 transcription factors，which may be rapidly expressed under adverse conditions and exert their potential functions. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the RcCeSA family was more closely related to soybean and sunflower. The results of this study explored the molecular mechanism and function of CeSA-related transcription factors in the regulation of plant cellulose synthesis in castor beans，which laid a foundation for further study of leaf morphological differences and cellulose content and the expression of genes related to cellulose synthesis in castor beans，and laid a foundation for establishing the important role of plant morphology in actual production.
Key words: Ricinus communis; CeSA transcription factor; gene family; plant cellulose synthesis;  bioinformatics
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2023, 32(2): 160-169）