摘　要：脱镁叶绿酸a加氧酶（PaO）基因编码叶绿素降解过程中的关键酶。为了解小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）TaPaOs基因家族特征及其在衰老过程中发挥的作用，本试验利用已发布的小麦及其他物种的全基因组信息对TaPaOs家族成员的基因特性进行分析，并利用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-RCR）技术初步分析其功能。结果表明：在小麦中共发现18个TaPaOs家族成员，分布在15条染色体上，其编码蛋白均具有亲水性，且大多数为不稳定蛋白，亚细胞定位预测均位于叶绿体中；18个TaPaOs家族成员启动子区包含大量响应元件，其中光响应元件（G-Box）和ABA响应元件（ABRE）最多。分析TaPaOs在不同组织中的表达模式发现，其家族成员表达模式为叶>茎>根，大多数家族成员在ABA诱导衰老、黑暗诱导衰老以及自然衰老时上调表达，尤其是TaPaO2、TaPaO5及TaPaO6，可作为小麦衰老研究的重点关注基因。这些研究结果为进一步研究TaPaOs基因家族的功能奠定基础。
关键词：小麦；TaPaOs基因家族；叶绿素；表达模式分析；衰老
中图分类号：S512.1；Q78                       文献标志码：A                 DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2023.01.007

Abstract: Pheophorbide being a oxygenase gene (PaO) encoded a key enzyme in the process of chlorophyll degradation. In this study, in order to understand the characteristics of the TaPaOs gene family in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and the role it plays in the aging process, the published genome-wide information of wheat and other species was used to analyze the genetic features of the TaPaOs family, preliminarily identified their functions by real-time fluorescence quantitative (qRT-PCR) technology. The results showed that a total of 18 TaPaOs family members were found in wheat, distributed on 15 chromosomes. The encoded proteins were hydrophilic, most of which were unstable proteins, and their subcellular localization was predicted in chloroplasts. The promoter regions of the 18 family members contained a large number of response elements, among which the light response element (G-Box) and ABA response element (ABRE) were the most. The expression patterns of the TaPaOs gene family in different tissues were analyzed and found that leaves were the most, followed by stems and lowest roots. Most of the family members upregulated expression during ABA-induced aging, dark induced aging, and natural aging, especially TaPaO2, TaPaO5, and TaPaO6 would be used as the focus of wheat aging research, which laid the foundation for further study of the TaPaoOs gene family function in wheat.
Key words: wheat; TaPaOs gene family; chlorophyll; expression analysis; aging
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2023, 32(1): 043-054）