摘　要：CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术具有简单、高效、针对性强的特点，可通过编辑DNA序列治疗一些难治的具有遗传基础的疾病，特别是癌症。近年来，此技术主要用于遗传修饰动物模型的制备与药物开发，现已进入癌症临床试验阶段，并获得喜人的成效，极具临床价值。本文对CRISPR-Cas9系统在肿瘤治疗中的研究进展，包括功能基因筛选、递送系统和免疫疗法等方面进行概述，探讨了其在临床转化中所面临的问题，并展望了发展前景，旨在为今后应用该技术进行肿瘤精准治疗提供参考。
关键词：CRISPR-Cas9；肿瘤；递送系统；功能基因筛选；免疫治疗
中图分类号：Q78；R730.5                         文献标志码：A              DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2022.06.002

Abstract: CRISPR-Cas9, which is characterized by simplicity, effectiveness and direct targeting, can be used to treat some incurable genetic diseases by editing DNA sequence. In recent years, Crispr-Cas9 has entered cancer clinical trials and has been used to generate genetically modified animal models and develop drugs, which is of great clinical value. This paper reviews the CRISPR-Cas9 system and its application progress in tumor research, including CRISPR screens in the identification of personalized drug targets, delivery systems and adoptive cell therapy. The limitations and prospects of CRISPR-Cas9 in clinical therapy were also discussed, aiming to provide a reference for the future application of this technology for precise cancer therapy.
Key words: CRISPR-Cas9; tumor; delivery system; functional genetic screening; immunotherapy
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2022, 31(6): 488-497）