摘　要：为深入研究G蛋白偶联雌激素受体1（GPER1）的理化特性和分子结构，本文运用多种生物信息学工具对人类GPER1的理化性质、信号肽结构、跨膜区、亚细胞定位、糖基化和磷酸化位点、二级结构、保守结构域、蛋白相互作用网络、肿瘤的相关性进行分析。GPER1相对分子质量为42 247.59 Da，理论等电点为8.63，分子式为C1938H3018N510O509S20，不稳定系数为 48.12，脂肪系数为110.51，亲水性平均值为0.449。GPER1是一个不稳定的疏水性蛋白质，具有7次跨膜结构，定位于细胞质膜（60.9%）、内质网（13.0%）和液泡（17.4%），二级结构以α-螺旋为主，具有4个N-糖基化位点、10个O-糖基化位点和27个磷酸化位点。GPER1的互作蛋白质主要包括ESR1、DLG4、GNAQ等10个蛋白。同时，GPER1在子宫内膜癌（UCEC）组织中的低表达及其突变使UCEC患者的总生存率明显降低。人类GPER1可能是G蛋白偶联受体信号通路中的关键因子，这为探究GPER1在肿瘤中作用的分子机制提供了参考。
关键词：GPER1；分子结构；雌激素；生物信息学；肿瘤
中图分类号：Q811.4                               文献标志码：A                  DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2022.05.006

Abstract: To gain insight into the physicochemical characteristics and molecular structure of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1), series of bioinformatics tools were used to analyze human GPRE1, its physical-chemical properties, signal peptide region, transmembrane domains, subcellular localization, phosphorylation sites and glycosylated sites, secondary structure, conserve domain, protein-protein interaction networks and correlation with tumor. GPER1 has a relative molecular weight of 42 247.59 Da, its theoretical isoelectric point is 8.63, molecular formula is C1938H3018N510O509S20, unstable coefficient is 48.12, adipose coefficient is 110.51, the average of hydrophilicity is 0.449. GPER1 is a hydrophobic and unstable protein, with 7 transmembrane domains, localized in the plasma membrane (60.9%), endoplasmic reticulum (13.0%) and vacuolar (17.4%), respectively. The secondary structure mainly involves alpha-helix, 4 N-glycosylation sites and 10 O-glycosylation, 27 phosphorylation sites. The interacting proteins of GPER1 mainly include 10 proteins such as ESR1, DLG4, GNAQ and so on. In addition, GPER1 was lowly expressed in UCEC (uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma) tissues, and GPER1 gene mutation group suggesting that the overall survival of UCEC patients significantly decreased. Human GPER1 could be a key factor in the GPCRs (G protein-coupled receptors) signaling pathway, which provided an important reference for further exploring its roles in the molecular mechanism of tumor.
Key words: GPER1; molecular structure; estrogen; bioinformatics; tumor
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2022, 31(5): 417-426）