摘　要：近年来，为应对化石燃料燃烧造成的CO2过度排放及由此带来的全球变暖和能源枯竭等问题，微藻固碳联产高值产品的CO2减排策略备受关注，尤其是基于化学吸收法耦合能源微藻固碳的培养体系已成为新的研究热点。本文以优良CO2耐受小球藻Chlorella sp.为试验藻株，探究添加不同质量浓度化学吸收剂单乙醇胺（MEA）在体积分数为20% 的CO2和通气比为0.33的条件下对小球藻生理生化特性及固碳效应的影响。结果表明，添加MEA可缓解由高浓度CO2造成的培养基酸化对微藻的生长抑制，且适宜质量浓度的MEA可以有效提高小球藻的生长代谢、CO2固定效率及光合活性。在50 mg/L MEA的条件下，小球藻的生物量、CO2固定率和油脂含量达到最大值，分别为3.07 g/L、0.55 g CO2/（L·d）和23.5%，与无MEA的对照相比分别提高了43.7%、45.6%和21.7%。综上所述，50 mg/L质量浓度的MEA作为CO2吸收剂用于微藻培养体系可以显著提升小球藻在高浓度CO2条件下的生物量、油脂积累以及固碳效率。以上结果可为微藻CO2 生物减排及清洁能源开发提供理论依据。
关键词：小球藻；单乙醇胺；生长代谢；光合活性；固碳效率
中图分类号：Q949.2                                 文献标志码：A                 DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2022.04.004

Abstract: In recent years, in order to deal with the excessive CO2 emission caused by fossil fuel combustion and the resulting global warming and energy depletion, CO2 mitigation strategy via carbon fixation and conversion to high-value products by microalgae cultivation system has attracted a great deal of attentions. In particular, the addition of CO2 absorbents has been reported effective to promote microalgal growth and carbon fixation rates. In this study, Chlorella sp. with excellent CO2 tolerance was used as the experimental strain to explore the effects of chemical adsorbent monoethanolamine (MEA) on algal physiological and biochemical characteristics and carbon sequestration efficiency under 20% CO2 concentration with ventilation rate of 0.33. The results showed that adding MEA could alleviate the growth inhibition of microalgae by culture medium acidification caused by high concentration CO2. In addition, MEA with appropriate concentration could also effectively improve the growth, metabolism, CO2 fixation efficiency and photosynthetic activity of Chlorella sp. The biomass concentration, CO2 fixation rate and lipid content of Chlorella sp. all reached maximum value of 3.07 g/L, 0.55 g CO2/(L·d) and 23.5% respectively under 50 mg/L MEA, which were 43.7%, 45.6% and 21.7% respectively higher than those without MEA in control. In summary, 50 mg/L CO2 absorbent monoethanolamine could significantly improve the biomass, lipid accumulation and carbon sequestration efficiency of Chlorella sp. under high CO2 concentration. The above results would provide theoretical basis for CO2 emission reduction and clean energy development by microalgae.
Key words: Chlorella sp.; monoethanolamine; growth and metabolism; photosynthetic activity; carbon sequestration efficiency
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2022, 31(4): 311-320）