摘　要：氯离子通道蛋白（ClC）是存在于生物体细胞膜上一类分布极其广泛的阴离子通道，在抗盐胁迫等多种生理过程中发挥着非常重要的作用。使用生物信息学方法在高粱基因组中鉴定出10个SbClCs基因，对SbClCs基因家族进行基因组鉴定、启动子、保守基序、系统进化树和基因表达分析。结果显示：SbClCs基因家族主要分布在SBI-01、SBI-03、SBI-04、SBI-06、SBI-07、SBI-10共6条染色体上；SbClCs蛋白均为疏水蛋白且流动性较好，多为质膜上的分泌性蛋白，其二级结构主要为无规则卷曲和α-螺旋；基因蛋白结构域分析结果显示，相对较为保守的结构域是Voltage gated和CBS pair voltage gated ClC uk bac，ClC家族成员在蛋白上也都是比较保守的；分析SbClCs基因启动子顺式作用元件后发现都存在光响应元件（Sp1，G-box），除了SbClCg1基因外，其他基因的启动子区均存在干旱诱导相关MYB结合位点（MBS）；系统进化树分析显示，高粱ClC与玉米、水稻亲缘关系更近；基因表达热图分析表明，SbClCc3、SbClCa基因对于高粱的耐盐胁迫和抗逆性起着重要的作用；选择进化分析表明，ClC蛋白质编码基因还受纯化选择作用。本研究初步分析了高粱10个氯离子转运蛋白基因的结构与表达，为进一步研究用SbClCs进行遗传转化与分子育种提供了基础。
关键词：高粱；ClC；基因表达；系统进化；分子育种
中图分类号：S514                             文献标志码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2022.01.012

Abstract: Chloride channel protein (ClC) is an extremely widely distributed anion channel that exists on the cell membrane of organisms. It plays a very important function in various physiological processes such as salt stress resistance. Using bioinformatics methods, 10 SbClCs genes were identified in the sorghum genome, and the SbClCs gene family was analyzed by genome identification, promoters, conservative motifs, phylogenetic trees and gene expression. The results showed that the SbClCs gene family is mainly distributed on six chromosomes, SBI-01, SBI-03, SBI-04, SBI-06, SBI-07 and SBI-10; SbClCs proteins are all hydrophobins and have good fluidity. The secondary structure is mainly random coils and α-helix; the analysis results of gene protein domains showed that the relatively conservative domains are Voltage gated and CBS, and ClC family members are relatively conservative in protein. After analyzing the cis-acting elements of SbClCs gene promoters, it was found that many light-responsive elements (Sp1, G-box) existed. Except for the SbClCg1 gene, the promoter regions of other genes all have drought-induced-related MYB binding sites (MBS); system phylogenetic tree analysis showed that sorghum ClC is more closely related to corn and rice; gene expression heat map analysis showed that SbClCc3 and SbClCa genes play an important role in salt stress and stress tolerance of sorghum. Selection evolution analysis showed that ClC protein coding genes are also subject to purification selection. This study preliminarily analyzed the structure and expression of 10 chloride ion transporter genes in sorghum, which provided a basis for further research on genetic transformation and molecular breeding with SbClCs.
Key words: sorghum (Sorghum bicolor); ClC; gene expression; phylogeny; molecular breeding
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2022, 31(1): 087-095）