摘　要：X射线诱导声学计算机断层成像（XACT）作为近几年来发展起来的生物医学成像手段之一，因其具有低X射线辐射剂量、快速三维成像以及多角度可选采集等优点而受到广泛的欢迎，在生物医学成像方面具有很大的发展潜力。本文总结了XACT的发展背景及研究进程，并对成像原理进行了详细阐述，然后分别对基于单元探测器、环形探测器、半球形探测器以及平面矩形探测器的四种成像模式进行了系统的介绍，同时简单介绍了该技术在乳腺、前列腺及骨密度成像等生物医学领域中的应用。最后，我们对该技术在X射线剂量监控、质子治疗过程监控以及与同步辐射光源结合进行多模态成像等方面做出展望。多模态成像提供的多维、多尺度的影像学信息将为相关疾病的早期发现、诊断以及治疗监控、效果评估等提供重要参考。
关键词：X射线；诱导声；断层成像；医学成像；多模态成像
中图分类号：O434                              文献标志码：A                  DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2021.06.001

Abstract: X-ray-induced acoustic computed tomography (XACT) is one of the biomedical imaging methods developed in recent years. It is widely welcomed by its advantages such as low X-ray radiation dose, rapid three-dimensional imaging and multi-angle imaging. The article summarizes the development background and research progress of XACT, elaborates the imaging principle. Then, the four imaging modes based on unit transducer, ring transducer, hemispherical transducer and flat rectangular transducer are introduced systematically. Meanwhile, it is briefly introduced the application of XACT in biomedical fields such as breast, prostate and bone density imaging. Finally, we make a prospect for XACT in X-ray dose monitoring, proton therapy process monitoring, and multi-modal imaging combined with synchrotron radiation light sources. The multi-dimensional and multi-scale imaging information provided by multi-modal imaging will help provide important reference for early detection, diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and effect evaluation of related diseases.
Key words: X-ray; induced acoustics; tomography; medical imaging; multi-modal imaging
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2021, 30(6): 481-488）