摘　要：为优化紫苏种子中总黄酮的提取方法，采用乙醇加热提取和超声波辅助提取，对提取液浓度、提取时间、提取温度开展了研究；并探究了不同地区的紫苏种子中总黄酮的含量，同时采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定了不同地区的紫苏种子中芦丁和木犀草素的含量。试验结果表明：在用80%的乙醇溶液提取紫苏种子中的总黄酮时，温度控制在70℃，浸提120 min，提取率最高，可达4.39%；同等条件下用超声波辅助提取时，浸提90 min提取率最高，可达4.27%；超声波浸提法简便、快速、准确度较高，但不适宜长时提取；参试的4个不同地区的紫苏种子总黄酮含量差异极显著（F=17.592 0，P=0.000 7），宁夏中宁总黄酮含量是陕西蓝田的1.73倍；而且不同地区的紫苏种子中芦丁和木犀草素的含量不同，宁夏中宁芦丁含量最高，贵州都匀木犀草素含量最高。
关键词：紫苏；黄酮；芦丁；木犀草素；提取方法
中图分类号：S567.21；R284　　　　　文献标志码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2021.01.012

Abstract: To clarify the extraction conditions of total flavonoids from Perilla frutescens seeds and the content of flavonoids in Perilla frutescens seeds from different regions, ethanol heating extraction and ultrasonic assisted extraction were used to study the extraction concentration, extraction time and extraction temperature. In order to determine the contents of rutin and luteolin in Perilla frutescens seeds from different regions, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used. The results showed that the total flavonoids from Perilla frutescens seeds was extracted with 80% ethanol, the extraction rate was up to 4.39% with the temperature being controlled at 70℃ and extracting for 120 min. Under the same condition, the extraction rate was up to 4.27% with ultrasound-assisted extracting for 90 min. The ultrasonic extraction method was simple, rapid and accurate, whereas not suitable for long-term extraction. The total flavonoid content in Perilla frutescens seeds from the four tested regions was significantly different (F=17.592 0, P=0.000 7). The content of total flavonoids from Zhongning Ningxia was 1.73 times higher than that from Lantian Shaanxi. And the content of rutin and luteolin in seeds from different regions was different. The content of rutin from Zhongning Ningxia was the highest. The content of luteolin from Duyun Guizhou was the highest.
Key words: Perilla frutescens; flavonoids; rutin; luteolin; extraction method
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2021, 30(1): 091-096）