摘　要：小麦是全球主要粮食作物之一。本研究运用生物信息学技术手段对普通小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）的WOX基因进行了全基因组鉴定、系统发育树构建、序列分析。结果显示：小麦基因组一共包含了26个WOX基因，其中在Phytozome数据库中收录有序列信息的有20个，可分为3个亚族，各亚族内的WOX基因具有相似的基因结构，内含子相位为0或1；该家族基因的蛋白质基序Motif 1、Motif 2、Motif 5和Motif 9较为保守，其中Motif 1和Motif 2推测为核心基序；该家族基因启动子包含ABRE、CAT-box、CGTCA-motif、RY-element等元件，说明小麦WOX基因可能参与调控胚乳或种子的发育，或参与分生组织的形成；TaWOX6、TaWOX8、TaWOX10可能参与小麦穗和茎秆的发育过程；TaWOX15、TaWOX18、TaWOX20在小麦胚乳中的表达量非常高，而在别的部位的表达量几乎为零，说明这3个基因与小麦胚乳的形成发育密切相关。该研究结果为进一步探讨小麦WOX基因的功能与分子作用机理奠定了基础。
关键词：小麦；WOX；转录因子；生物信息学；全基因组鉴定
中图分类号：S512　　　　　　　文献标志码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2021.01.009

Abstract: Wheat is one of main cereal crops in the world. In this study, the WOX genes in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were identified at the whole genome level using bioinformatic techniques, and phylogenetic and sequence analysis were carried out. The results showed that the wheat genome contained a total of 26 WOX genes, of which 20 had sequence information included in the Phytozome database, which could be divided into three sub-families. The WOX genes in each sub-family had similar gene structures and their intron phases were 0 or 1. The protein motifs of the WOX gene family Motif 1, Motif 2, Motif 5 and Motif 9 were relatively conserved, and Motif 1 and Motif 2 were presumed to be core motifs. The promoters of the WOX genes included ABRE, CAT-box, CGTCA-motif, RY-element and other elements, indicating that the wheat WOX gene might be involved in regulating the development of endosperm or seed, or the formation of meristem. TaWOX6, TaWOX8, TaWOX10 might be involved in the development of wheat ears and stalks. TaWOX15, TaWOX18 and TaWOX20 are highly expressed in wheat endosperm, whereas little expressed in other parts, indicating that these three genes are closely related to the formation and development of wheat endosperm. The results of this study laied a foundation for further exploration of function and molecular mechanism of the wheat WOX genes.
Key words: wheat; WOX; transcription factor; bioinformatics; genome-wide identification
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2021, 30(1): 067-074）