摘　要：水杨酸（SA）的生物合成途径包括以苯丙氨酸为合成前体的莽草酸途径和异分支酸（IC）途径，后者为SA合成的主要途径。在细菌中，IC在异分支酸裂解酶（IPL）的作用下直接生成SA，但在植物中并未发现该基因。最新研究证明avrPphB易感性3（PBS3）是植物中IC转化为SA的关键因子，并揭示了增强型易感病性5（EDS5）的转运蛋白作用和增强型假单胞菌敏感性1（EPS1）编码的酰基转移酶在SA合成中可起丙酮酰谷氨酸裂合酶的作用。本文综述了植物中SA合成途径及其调控因子的最新研究进展，并进一步揭示其复杂网络与调控机制，从而实现SA对植物抗性的适时诱导与生长发育的精细调控间的综合协调。
关键词：植物；SA合成途径；莽草酸；异分支酸；调控因子
中图分类号：Q946　　　　　　文献标志码：ADOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-7146.2021.01.003

Abstract: The biological synthesis pathways of salicylic acid (SA) include the shikimic acid pathway with phenylalanine as precursor and the isochorismate (IC) pathway, and the latter is the main pathway for SA synthesis. In bacteria, SA is generated directly from isochorismate under the enzymatic action of the IPL, which is not yet found in plants. The latest research proves that avrPphB susceptible 3 (PBS3) is the key factor in the conversion of IC into SA in plants, and reveals that the role of the enhanced disease susceptibility 5 (EDS5) as a transporter and the acyl transferase encoded by enhanced pseudomonas sensitiveity Ⅰcan act as an isochorismoyl-glutamate A pyruvoyl lyase in SA synthesis. This article reviews the latest research progress of SA synthesis pathway and its regulatory factors in plants, and further reveals its complex network and regulatory mechanism, so as to realize the comprehensive coordination between the timely induction of SA to plant resistance and the fine regulation of growth and development.
Key words: plants; SA synthetic pathway; shikimic acid; isochorismate; regulatory factors
（Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2021, 30(1): 022-029）