细胞的正常生长要求保持氧化与抗氧化平衡，而高糖环境会破坏这种平衡，使细胞倾向于氧化，产生大量的氧化中间产物，对细胞造成氧化应激（OS）损伤，从而导致炎性因子分泌，细胞增殖缓慢，生长受到抑制。光生物调节作用（PBM）成为康复治疗中不可缺少的一种方法，其一方面可以提高抗氧化物酶的活性，调节抗氧化体系的平衡，加速胶原合成,另一方面可促进细胞因子、生长因子的分泌，减少炎性反应，维持氧化与抗氧化平衡，促进细胞增殖。大量的细胞试验、动物试验和临床研究对PBM的具体作用机制和疗效做了深入的研究与探讨。为更好地促进PBM在临床及生命科学领域的运用，本文对现有的研究成果进行了回顾与梳理，主要从高糖环境下的细胞损伤变化、PBM修复损伤的机制、PBM的研究进展及展望等方面进行了综述，阐述了PBM对高糖诱导的细胞OS损伤修复的机制，更好地推进了光学在生物医学领域的应用。

The normal growth of cells requires maintaining the balance between oxidation and antioxidant, while the high glucose environment can destroy this balance, make the cell oxidation and antioxidant ability imbalance, tend to oxidize, produce a large number of oxidation intermediate products, resulting in oxidative stress (OS) damage, resulting in inflammatory factor secretion, and cell proliferation is slow, growth is inhibited. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has become an indispensable method in rehabilitation treatment. On the one hand, PBM can improve the activity of antioxidant enzymes, regulate the balance of antioxidant system, accelerate collagen synthesis; on the other hand, PBM can promote the secretion of cytokines and growth factors, reduce inflammatory response, maintain oxidation and antioxidant balance, promote cell proliferation. A large number of cell experiments, animal experiments and clinical studies have made an indepth study and discussion on the specific mechanism and curative effects of PBM. In order to better promote the application of PBM in the field of clinical and life sciences, the existing research results are reviewed and combed. In this paper, the changes of cell damage, the mechanism of PBM repairing damage, the research progress and prospect of PBM in high sugar environment are reviewed, and the mechanism of repair of cell oxidative stress damage induced by high glucose in PBM is described，which can better promote the application of optics in the field of biomedicine.