我国是世界产蕉大国，香蕉总产量已居世界第2位，香蕉产业已成为我国南亚热带地区农民脱贫致富的重要支柱产业。但目前我国香蕉品种更新缓慢，现有品种的高产性、抗寒性、抗病性均存在一定程度的缺陷，而物理诱变技术在培育改良品种特性上具有独特的优势。本文综述了物理诱变技术及其在香蕉育种中的研究进展，包括物理诱变定义、种类及应用等方面，以期对香蕉诱变研究及新品种选育实践提供参考。

China is the world’s largest banana producing country, and the total banana output has ranked second in the world. The banana industry has become an important pillar industry for farmers in the south subtropical region of China to eliminate poverty. However, the banana variety updated slowly in the past decades, and almost all the present China’s banana varieties are imperfect and there are evident defects in high yield, cold resistance and disease resistance etc. The physical mutation technology has unique advantages in breeding new varieties. This paper reviews the research progress on physical mutation technology and its research progress in banana breeding, including the definition, technology kinds and its application of physical mutation, in order to provide reference for banana mutation research and breeding practices of new varieties.