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Quick Search     Advanced Search   2024 Vol.  33 No.  4 Published: 2024-08-28 1 2024 Vol. 33 (4): 1-2 [Abstract] ( 26 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 778KB] ( 101 ) 289 ZHANG Haowei, LIU Yiying, NING Wenhua, WANG Yan, WEI Xiangyang, WANG Haiming Research Progress of Photobiomodulation Therapy in Osteoarthritis#br# Abstract: Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is a kind of light therapy that exposes biological tissue to a specific wavelength light source according to different therapeutic purposes, and has been used in stomatology, dermatology, osteology and other fields for a long time. In the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA), a large number of clinical practices and basic medical researches have confirmed that PBMT, as a physical therapy, can effectively reduce the pain of patients with OA, promote the metabolism and clearance of inflammatory factors, significantly enhance the repair ability of tissues, and accelerate the regeneration of different tissues and nerves, providing a new treatment option for patients with OA. However, the specific operation and dose control of PBMT in practical applications have not yet formed a unified standard, and the evaluation of therapeutic effect is subjective and uncertain, and there is still a large space for exploration. Although a number of review articles have explored this aspect, the anti-inflammatory effects of PBMT are mainly discussed through the treatment of OA with PBMT, ignoring the holistic nature of OA as a disease involving whole joint tissues and the complexity of the effects of PBMT on OA. This paper systematically reviews the application of PBMT in the non-surgical and surgical treatment of OA, considers the limitations of PBMT in the overall treatment of OA, pays special attention to the problems existing in the actual operation of PBMT, and analyzes in depth the future development trend, so as to provide references for the development of advanced OA treatment methods and medical devices by making full use of the characteristics of PBMT, which are non-invasive, painless and without side effects. Key words: photobiomodulation therapy; osteoarthritis; inflammation; physical therapy; laser irradiation （Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2024, 33(4): 289-296） 2024 Vol. 33 (4): 289-296 [Abstract] ( 27 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1927KB] ( 118 ) 297 ZHU Kai, CHEN Dongsheng Advances in Drosophila Models of Common Human Diseases and Aging Abstract: As an important model organism, Drosophila melanogaster has unique advantages in biological research because of its short life span, low culture cost, rich mutant resources and relatively simple gene operation. In recent years, with the vigorous development of food science, Drosophila melanogaster shows unique application value in screening new health food and pharmacological research. This paper reviews the methods and applications of establishing models of common human diseases and aging of Drosophila melanogaster, which lays a foundation for the study of the mechanism of diseases and aging, as well as the research and development of health food and drugs. Key words: Drosophila; model organism; disease; aging; model establishment and application （Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2024, 33(4): 297-305） 2024 Vol. 33 (4): 297-305 [Abstract] ( 42 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1914KB] ( 126 ) 306 LI Ru, ZHENG Minghe, WANG Jiaye, HUANG Yanlin, HAN Mingfang, CHEN Feng Effect of Semiconductor Laser on Orthodontic Traumatic Ulcer in Rats Abstract: Orthodontic patients often suffer from mucosal discomfort due to the friction stimulation of orthodontic components on the oral mucosa, and semiconductor laser can treat the oral mucosal discomfort caused by orthodontic treatment, such as redness, swelling, ulcers, etc. This study innovatively created a persistent traumatic environment in the mouth of rats to simulate the intraoral conditions of orthodontic patients, with the aim of using animal models to broaden the understanding of semiconductor laser repair mechanisms of orthodontic traumatic ulcers. 32 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: 1) blank control group; 2) control group; 3) chlorhexidine group; 4) laser group 1; 5) laser group 2; 6) laser group 3. The research contents included ulcer healing degree score, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, histological observation of stained sections of ulcer tissue, and analysis of microbial attachment on ulcer surface. The results showed that the continuous traumatic environment significantly prolonged the healing time of ulcer (P<0.05). During the ulcer duration, the proinflammatory factor level was lower, the anti-inflammatory factor level was higher and the healing score was better in the laser group (P<0.05). The antibacterial effect of semiconductor laser is less than 0.12% chlorhexidine solution; Hematoxylin-eosin tissue sections showed lower inflammatory cell infiltration and better epithelial healing in the laser group. This study shows that continuous traumatic environment can delay ulcer healing, and semiconductor laser with appropriate irradiation time is superior to traditional 0.12% chlorhexidine solution in reducing inflammation, relieving pain and promoting ulcer tissue healing. Compared with previous studies, the animal model in this study has made some progress and is closer to the real oral conditions of orthodontic patients. The results further demonstrated the potential of semiconductor laser in the treatment of oral traumatic ulcers during orthodontics. Key words: semiconductor laser; photobiomodulation; rat; orthodontics; traumatic ulcer （Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2024, 33(4): 306-315） 2024 Vol. 33 (4): 306-315 [Abstract] ( 37 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 3854KB] ( 124 ) 316 YANG Linjing, YANG Sha, ZHANG Shengyang, ZHANG Wenyan, ZUO Yuanquan, YAN Biyao, YANG Wude Hyperspectral Characteristics and Quantitative Monitoring of Soil Organic Carbon in Farmland#br# Abstract: In order to realize the rapid and quantitative monitoring of soil organic carbon content in farmland, nine conventional pretreatment analysis methods were used to optimize the original spectral information and analyze the relationship between each pretreatment spectrum and wheat soil organic carbon content, and the continuous projection algorithm (SPA) was used to extract the spectral characteristics of soil organic carbon, and two types of soil organic carbon spectral monitoring models based on full spectrum and spectral characteristic bands were established. The results showed that the correlation between the pretreatment spectrum and soil organic carbon in wheat could be significantly improved compared with the original spectrum. In the meantime, the SPA method was used to extract and confirm the important information of soil organic carbon content in the spectral regions of 400～450 nm, 510～620 nm, 1010～1 060 nm and 2 000～2 400 nm. Comparing the performance of the two types of models, it can be seen that the continuous projection algorithm-multiple linear regression (SPA-MLR) model is better than the partial least squares regression (PLSR) model under the same pretreatment spectra, and the overall performance of the soil organic carbon content estimation model based on multivariate scattering correction (MSC) pretreatment spectra is the best (Rv2=0.726, RMSEv=0.109, RPDv=1.956), and it has practical application potential. This study confirms that spectral pretreatment can improve the correlation between spectral reflectance and soil organic carbon content in wheat to a certain extent, and affect the performance of the monitoring model, and the model construction method may have a more positive effect on the accuracy of model estimation. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis and practical exploration for the detection of soil organic carbon content in farmland. Key words: farmland soil; organic carbon; pretreatment; hyperspectral; responsive features （Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2024, 33(4): 316-325） 2024 Vol. 33 (4): 316-325 [Abstract] ( 42 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 2936KB] ( 112 ) 326 LONG Jing, MAO Ying, YAN Feng, LIU Ailong, DING Hao, CHEN Anji, HU Xiang, YOU Changqiao The Protective Effect of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes on Acute Lung Injury in Neonatal Rats Abstract: The aim of this study is to explore the protective mechanism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (hUCMSC-Exo) on acute lung injury (ALI) in neonatal rats, and to provide a new method for the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NARDS), This study constructed an animal model of ALI based on neonatal rats. After treatment with hUCMSC-Exo, it was found that the mortality rate of neonatal rats was significantly improved, and the trend of weight loss in neonatal rats was also alleviated. Lung tissue samples were collected from each group of neonatal rats to extract total protein, RNA, and homogenate. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of p-NF-κB, IL-6, Occludin, Cludin 5, β-Catenin, and Cyclin D1; the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 were detected by RT-qPCR; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10  in lung tissue. The results of pathological sections of lung tissue showed that the infiltration of inflammatory cells, thickening of alveolar septa, pulmonary hemorrhage, and edema were all reduced after treatment with exosomes. The research results indicate that LPS can effectively induce pulmonary inflammation in neonatal rats, leading to acute lung injury, the treatment with exosomes alleviated the degree of ALI. The results of this study can provide new strategies for the treatment of NARDS. Key words: human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; exosomes; neonatal rats; acute lung injury; neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome （Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2024, 33(4): 326-334） 2024 Vol. 33 (4): 326-334 [Abstract] ( 34 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 3957KB] ( 114 ) 335 YAN Ziyi, SHEN Yiyang, TANG Wei, ZHANG Yanchao, ZHOU Haozhe Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Hyperspectral Imaging for Weeds Identification and Spatial Distribution in Paddy Fields Abstract: Barnyard grass is a typical weed in paddy fields that can severely affect the growth and development of rice, ultimately leading to reduced yields. Its appearance is very similar to that of rice, making it difficult to distinguish and posing significant challenges for management. Ideal conditions for barnyard grass identification are achievable in controlled indoor settings but are difficult to replicate in practical applications. For this reason, identifying and mapping barnyard grass in complex paddy field environments holds significant research value and importance. First, hyperspectral images of the paddy fields were captured using UAVs. After image stitching, rectification, and SG (Savitzky-Golay) convolution filtering, a sequential projection algorithm (SPA) was employed to extract sensitive bands for distinguishing rice from barnyard grass. Modeling was performed across the entire spectral range and selected feature bands, employing support vector machines (SVM), random forests (RF), one-dimensional convolutional neural networks (1DCNN), and three-dimensional convolutional neural networks (3DCNN). The results indicated that SPA-3DCNN achieved the best recognition performance for rice (0.942 0) and barnyard grass (0.893 6). The seven feature bands selected by SPA (482.523 4, 546.541 5, 675.080 6, 709.138 2, 762.043 1, 922.015 7, and 944.637 1 nm) were valuable for distinguishing barnyard grass from rice. Subsequently, the model was applied to the entire hyperspectral dataset to generate spatial distribution and density maps of barnyard grass. This study successfully explored the feasibility of UAV-based hyperspectral identification of barnyard grass in complex paddy field environments, providing strong data support for the management and prevention of barnyard grass. Key words: identification of weeds in rice fields; unmanned aerial vehicle; hyperspectral; space distribution; precision weeding （Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2024, 33(4): 335-346） 2024 Vol. 33 (4): 335-346 [Abstract] ( 31 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 11382KB] ( 125 ) 347 HOU Yuxin, LI Shichang, ZHANG Chen, DING Hao, LI Bingqian, GONG Minggui Optimization of Ultrasonic-assisted Alkaline Method for Disruption and Extraction of Chlorella Protein #br# Abstract: This study optimized the extraction process of Chlorella protein using response surface methodology and characterized its secondary structure. With the protein solubility rate of Chlorella as the indicator, the effects of ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, NaOH mass fraction, and water bath time on the extraction rate were investigated. Based on the Plackett-Burman design, a four-factor three-level response surface analysis was conducted to determine the extraction process of Chlorella protein. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions for Chlorella protein were ultrasonic power of 460.08 W, ultrasonic time of 16.05 min, NaOH mass fraction of 14.03%, and water bath time of 37.18 min, with a solubility rate of 87.64%. The extracted Chlorella protein was purified using isoelectric focusing under optimal conditions and then subjected to FTIR analysis, microscopic structure analysis, and amino acid analysis. The results indicated that the secondary structure of Chlorella protein mainly consisted of β-sheet, accounting for 30.00% of the total content. The microscopic structure revealed a smooth surface with pore structures, and it contained five essential amino acids, accounting for 42.71% of the total content. In conclusion, the ultrasonic-assisted alkaline method demonstrates significantly improved protein wall-breaking efficiency and high protein extraction rate for Chlorella, with simple operation and low cost. It has promising prospects for industrial applications and provides relevant references for the food application of Chlorella protein. Key words: Chlorella breaks the wall; protein dissolution process; ultrasonic treatment; alkaline crushing; amino acid （Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2024, 33(4): 347-356） 2024 Vol. 33 (4): 347-356 [Abstract] ( 35 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 3626KB] ( 113 ) 357 CHEN Shengsong, LI Huanhuan, WU Huirong Metformin Inhibits Proliferation and Migration of Liver Cancer Cells Through TGF-β1/Smads Pathway#br# Abstract: In order to explore the regulatory effects of metformin on the proliferation, migration and TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway of human liver cancer cells, human liver cancer MHCC97H cells were cultured in vitro. They were divided into control group (no intervention), 1.25, 2.50, 5.00 mmol/L metformin group and inhibitor group (5.00 mmol/L metformin +10 μmol/L LY2109761). In this study, the cell viability of 5.00 mmol/L metformin group was close to 50%, hence 5.00 mmol/L metformin was selected as the optimal concentration. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) , 5-acetylidene-2' deoxyuracil riboside (EdU), Transwell chamber, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot were used to analyze the proliferation activity, proliferation rate, migration ability and expression levels of related factors of human hepatocellular carcinoma MHCC97H cells. Compared with the control group, the proliferation activity and proliferation rate of 2.50 and 5.00 mmol/L metformin groups and inhibitor groups decreased (P<0.05). The cell migration number, TGF-β1 and p-Smad3 protein expression levels, N-cadherin, vimentin and fibronectin (FN) mRNA and protein expression levels of 1.25, 2.50 and 5.00 mmol/L metformin groups and inhibitor group decreased compared with the control group. The expression level of p-Smad7 protein, E-cadherin mRNA and protein significantly increased, and the changes were more significant with the increase of concentration (P<0.05). Compared with 5.00 mmol/L metformin group, the addition of inhibitors in the inhibitor group made the changes of all indexes more significant (P<0.05). The inhibition of metformin on the proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of MHCC97H cells of human liver cancer depends on the inhibition of TGF-β1/Smads pathway, which provides a reference for the study of liver cancer. Key words: liver cancer; metformin; TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway; cell proliferation; cell migration （Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2024, 33(4): 357-364） 2024 Vol. 33 (4): 357-364 [Abstract] ( 26 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 3531KB] ( 113 ) 365 LIU Lin, FEI Sujuan, MIAO Bei Role of ceRNA Regulatory Network in Colorectal Cancer Based on Bioinformatics Abstract: To explore the regulatory mechanisms of the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) and to find potential targets for CRC treatment, The CRC-related circRNA datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, differentially expressed circRNAs were screened using the robust rank aggregation (RRA) algorithm and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) analysis. Real-time fluorogenic quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to verify that screened circRNAs (hsa_circRNA_057090, hsa_circRNA_092566) were circular and both highly expressed in CRC tissues and CRC cell lines. And miRNAs bound to circRNAs were predicted on the circBank and CircInteractome databases. Target genes of miRNAs were predicted on the TargetScan and miRDB databases, differentially expressed mRNAs in CRC were screened on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, after intersection, differentially expressed target genes were recognized. Then, the ceRNA regulatory network was constructed. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, protein interaction network construction, and survival analysis were performed on target genes using DAVID software, String database, Cytoscape software, and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database, respectively. Ten core genes were identified from PPI network containing 427 mRNAs. Finally, the circRNA-miRNA-coregene network was constructed. GO enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that core genes were mainly involved in chemical synaptic transmission, ion transmembrane transport and were significantly enriched in several signaling pathways, such as cAMP. Survival analysis showed that the expression levels of two core genes SNAP25, ATP2B2 were significantly correlated with the prognosis of CRC patients. The hsa_circRNA_057090, hsa_circRNA_092566 identified and ceRNA network constructed might provide novel biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets for CRC. Key words: colorectal cancer; circRNA; ceRNA; core gene network; treatment targets （Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2024, 33(4): 365-376） 2024 Vol. 33 (4): 365-376 [Abstract] ( 34 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 6291KB] ( 94 ) 377 DONG Jianglong, SONG Wanjun, SHAN Xin, TONG Yefeng Dexmedetomidine Regulates the PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway to Improve Lipopolysaccharide-induced Colitis Colon Epithelial Cell Injury#br# Abstract: In order to study the effects of dexmedetomidine on inflammation, proliferation and apoptosis of human colonic epithelial NCM-460 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the regulation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/serine-threonine kinase (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway, we cultured human colonic epithelial NCM-460 cells in vitro, they were divided into control group, LPS group (1 μg/mL LPS) and dexmedetomidine groups with different mass concentrations (1 μg/mL LPS+1.25, 2.50, 5.00 and 10.00 μg/mL dexmedetomidine). After 24 hours’ intervention, the appropriate mass concentration of dexmedetomidine was screened out for subsequent experiments. Then, The human colonic epithelial NCM-460 cells were divided into control group, LPS group, dexmedetomidine group (1 μg/mL LPS+5.00 μg/mL dexmedetomidine), LY294002 group (1 μg/mL LPS+10 μmol/L PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitor LY294002) and inhibitor group (1 μg/mL LPS+ 5.00 μg/mL dexmedetomidine +10 μmol/L LY294002), and activator group (1 μg/mL LPS+5.00 μg/mL dexmedetomidine +10 μmol/L PI3K/AKT pathway agonist SC79) were intervened for 24 hours. Cell viability was detected by live cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). The expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin -8(IL-8) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The cell proliferation rate was determined by 5- ethynyl -2' deoxyuridine (EdU). The apoptosis rate was determined by Hoechst 33258 staining. The expression levels of cyclin D1, cleaved cysteine protease 3 (cleaved Caspase 3) and key proteins of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in cells were determined by Western blot (WB). According to the cell viability and the expression level of inflammatory factor TNF-α, 5.00 μg/mL dexmedetomidine was selected for the follow-up experiment. The results showed that compared with the control group, the cell proliferation rate and the expression level of Cyclin D1 in LPS group significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the cell apoptosis rate, the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-8, and cleaved Caspase 3, the ratio of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT significantly increased (P<0.05). Dexmedetomidine and LY294002 in dexmedetomidine group and LY294002 group reversed the above-mentioned effects of LPS on human colonic epithelial NCM-460 cells (P<0.05). Compared with dexmedetomidine group, LY294002 in inhibitor group enhanced the effect of dexmedetomidine on human colonic epithelial NCM-460 cells induced by LPS (P<0.05), while SC79 in activator group weakened the effect of dexmedetomidine on human colonic epithelial NCM-460 cells induced by LPS (P<0.05). Studies have shown that dexmedetomidine can promote the proliferation of human colonic epithelial NCM-460 cells induced by LPS and inhibit its inflammation and apoptosis, and its mechanism may be related to blocking the signal transduction of PI3K/PI3K signaling pathway. This study can provide a new direction for the treatment of colitis. Key words: ulcerative colitis; human colonic epithelial cells; dexmedetomidine; phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/serine-threonine kinase （Acta Laser Biology Sinica, 2024, 33(4): 377-384） 2024 Vol. 33 (4): 377-384 [Abstract] ( 27 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 3570KB] ( 113 )

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